Table 4 Psychometric properties of the...

Table 4

Psychometric properties of the variables used in Step 2

Constructs	First-order			Second-order
Constructs	Items	Loading	Z-value	Loading	Z-value
p-PESIS (CR = 0.803; AVE = 0.678; Alpha = 0.852)
*Fans' Approval of Club Pro-Environmental Sustainability Initiatives (FApCESI)* (CR = 0.855; AVE = 0.665; Alpha = 0.844)	IT1 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives positively influence my support as a fan	0.848	46.89	0.953	36.10
	IT2 - I am prouder of a cub that promotes pro-environmental sustainability initiatives	0.700	35.77
	IT3 - Because FC Porto carries out pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, I am more loyal to the club	0.886	50.15
*Fans' Adherence to Club Pro-Environmental Sustainability Initiatives (FAdCESI)* (CR = 0.851; AVE = 0.667; Alpha = 0.802)	IT1 - I am aware of pro-environmental sustainability initiatives carried out by FC Porto	0.525	24.03	0.669	29.66
	IT2 - I have interest in pro-environmental sustainability initiatives promoted by FC Porto	0.953	54.20
	IT3 - I will participate in pro-environmental sustainability initiatives promoted by FC Porto	0.905	50.35
*Social Benefits* (CR = 0.913; AVE = 0.778; Alpha = 0.909)	IT1 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives make me more aware about the importance of environmental sustainability	0.821	45.78	–	–
	IT2 – Pro-environmental sustainability initiatives made by FC Porto influence my environmental behaviours at other social events (music, arts, culture or sports)	0.904	53.25
	IT3 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives influence my environmental behaviours with my family and friends at-home	0.917	54.49
*Environmental Benefits* (CR = 0.929; AVE = 0.814; Alpha = 0.945)
*Daily Activities* (CR = 0.930; AVE = 0.817; Alpha = 0.923)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.880	37.66
	IT1 - I monitor and reduce the water I use	0.950	59.03
	IT2 - I monitor and reduce the energy I use	0.968	61.16
	IT3 - I separate waste and recycling	0.781	43.15
*Consumption Habits/Decisions* (CR = 0.888; AVE = 0.727; Alpha = 0.859)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.940	39.57
	IT1 - I buy biodegradable products	0.939	49.22
	IT2 - I eat more vegetables and less meat	0.806	42.53
	IT3 - I made my home more energy efficient (e.g. better insulation, solar panels, etc.)	0.807	42.66
*High Involvement Consumption Decisions* (CR = 0.906; AVE = 0.764; Alpha = 0.903)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.885	43.48
	IT1 - When choosing my vacations, I take into account environmental concerns	0.840	47.37
	IT2 - When buying a car, I take into account environmental concerns	0.889	51.89
	IT3 - When buying a home, I take into account environmental concerns	0.891	52.05
*Economic Benefits* (CR = 0.874; AVE = 0.700; Alpha = 0.866)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, as a supporter			–	–
	IT1 - I intend to attend more games of FC Porto	0.869	48.39
	IT2 - I intend to buy more products/services of FC Porto	0.883	49.55
	IT3 - I recommend games of FC Porto to other people	0.751	39.38

Constructs	First-order			Second-order
Constructs	Items	Loading	Z-value	Loading	Z-value
p-PESIS (CR = 0.803; AVE = 0.678; Alpha = 0.852)
Fans' Approval of Club Pro-Environmental Sustainability Initiatives (FApCESI) (CR = 0.855; AVE = 0.665; Alpha = 0.844)	IT1 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives positively influence my support as a fan	0.848	46.89	0.953	36.10
	IT2 - I am prouder of a cub that promotes pro-environmental sustainability initiatives	0.700	35.77
	IT3 - Because FC Porto carries out pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, I am more loyal to the club	0.886	50.15
Fans' Adherence to Club Pro-Environmental Sustainability Initiatives (FAdCESI) (CR = 0.851; AVE = 0.667; Alpha = 0.802)	IT1 - I am aware of pro-environmental sustainability initiatives carried out by FC Porto	0.525	24.03	0.669	29.66
	IT2 - I have interest in pro-environmental sustainability initiatives promoted by FC Porto	0.953	54.20
	IT3 - I will participate in pro-environmental sustainability initiatives promoted by FC Porto	0.905	50.35
Social Benefits (CR = 0.913; AVE = 0.778; Alpha = 0.909)	IT1 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives make me more aware about the importance of environmental sustainability	0.821	45.78	–	–
	IT2 – Pro-environmental sustainability initiatives made by FC Porto influence my environmental behaviours at other social events (music, arts, culture or sports)	0.904	53.25
	IT3 - FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives influence my environmental behaviours with my family and friends at-home	0.917	54.49
Environmental Benefits (CR = 0.929; AVE = 0.814; Alpha = 0.945)
Daily Activities (CR = 0.930; AVE = 0.817; Alpha = 0.923)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.880	37.66
	IT1 - I monitor and reduce the water I use	0.950	59.03
	IT2 - I monitor and reduce the energy I use	0.968	61.16
	IT3 - I separate waste and recycling	0.781	43.15
Consumption Habits/Decisions (CR = 0.888; AVE = 0.727; Alpha = 0.859)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.940	39.57
	IT1 - I buy biodegradable products	0.939	49.22
	IT2 - I eat more vegetables and less meat	0.806	42.53
	IT3 - I made my home more energy efficient (e.g. better insulation, solar panels, etc.)	0.807	42.66
High Involvement Consumption Decisions (CR = 0.906; AVE = 0.764; Alpha = 0.903)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, in my personal daily life			0.885	43.48
	IT1 - When choosing my vacations, I take into account environmental concerns	0.840	47.37
	IT2 - When buying a car, I take into account environmental concerns	0.889	51.89
	IT3 - When buying a home, I take into account environmental concerns	0.891	52.05
Economic Benefits (CR = 0.874; AVE = 0.700; Alpha = 0.866)	As a result of FC Porto pro-environmental sustainability initiatives, as a supporter			–	–
	IT1 - I intend to attend more games of FC Porto	0.869	48.39
	IT2 - I intend to buy more products/services of FC Porto	0.883	49.55
	IT3 - I recommend games of FC Porto to other people	0.751	39.38

Note(s): CR=Composite reliability; AVE = Average Variance Extracted; Model fit (First-Order): χ²(165) = 1445.707 (p < 0.001); χ²/df = 8.762; CFI = 0.966; TLI = 0.956; NFI = 0.961; RMSEA = 0.060 (CI = 0.053-0.063); SRMR = 0.0487. Model fit (Second-Order): χ²(175) = 1528.440 (p < 0.001); χ²/df = 8.734; CFI = 0.964; TLI = 0.956; NFI = 0.959; RMSEA = 0.060 (CI = 0.057-0.063); SRMR = 0.0551

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