Table 2 EFA results on visitor...

Table 2

EFA results on visitor motivation

Motivational statements	Engagement	Edutainment	Escapism
To adopt an animal or support other charities	0.81
To volunteer	0.81
Going to the zoo is part of my lifestyle	0.75
To photograph wildlife	0.73
To touch/handle and feed wildlife	0.71
To partake in after-hour activities	0.71
Travelling to national parks is not my preference	0.65
Because of the zoo’s reputation	0.63
I want to be educated about and appreciate endangered species	0.51
A visit to the zoo is the perfect weekend activity		0.69
To observe alien species		0.67
To see wildlife that I may never see in the wild		0.66
The zoo offers a variety of animal observations		0.65
Zoos are green spaces within cities		0.63
Zoos provide a platform for wildlife conservation		0.61
The offers educational and learning opportunities		0.49
It is an opportunity to spend time with family and friends			0.83
It is an opportunity to relax and get away from my everyday life			0.81
Visits to the zoo benefit my children/my travelling party			0.54
Visiting the zoo is an enjoyable experience			0.48
Visiting the zoo contributes to my general well-being			0.45
I can participate in activities and events			0.44
Because zoo visits are affordable			0.40
Eigenvalues (EV)	10.34	2.09	1.07
Var. (%)	44.97	9.10	4.66
Cum. Var. (%)	44.97	54.07	58.73
Cronbach alpha	0.91	0.84	0.83
Avg, inter-item correlation	0.53	0.43	0.42
Mean value (x̄)	3.25	3.89	3.75

Motivational statements	Engagement	Edutainment	Escapism
To adopt an animal or support other charities	0.81
To volunteer	0.81
Going to the zoo is part of my lifestyle	0.75
To photograph wildlife	0.73
To touch/handle and feed wildlife	0.71
To partake in after-hour activities	0.71
Travelling to national parks is not my preference	0.65
Because of the zoo’s reputation	0.63
I want to be educated about and appreciate endangered species	0.51
A visit to the zoo is the perfect weekend activity		0.69
To observe alien species		0.67
To see wildlife that I may never see in the wild		0.66
The zoo offers a variety of animal observations		0.65
Zoos are green spaces within cities		0.63
Zoos provide a platform for wildlife conservation		0.61
The offers educational and learning opportunities		0.49
It is an opportunity to spend time with family and friends			0.83
It is an opportunity to relax and get away from my everyday life			0.81
Visits to the zoo benefit my children/my travelling party			0.54
Visiting the zoo is an enjoyable experience			0.48
Visiting the zoo contributes to my general well-being			0.45
I can participate in activities and events			0.44
Because zoo visits are affordable			0.40
Eigenvalues (EV)	10.34	2.09	1.07
Var. (%)	44.97	9.10	4.66
Cum. Var. (%)	44.97	54.07	58.73
Cronbach alpha	0.91	0.84	0.83
Avg, inter-item correlation	0.53	0.43	0.42
Mean value (x̄)	3.25	3.89	3.75

Notes:

*Five-point Likert scale: 1 = completely disagree to 5 = completely agree. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy: 0.93; Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant [x² (253) = 3781.38, p < 0.05]; the variance explained was 59%

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