The definition and reference of the factors and sub-factors used in the study
| Factors | Definition | Sub-factors | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governance structure/transactional mechanism (Williamson, 1975; Hobbs, 1996; Bijman, 2006; Liu et al., 2009) | Inter-firm transaction arrangement that influences the exchange process within which the operation is conducted | Contract (MacDonald et al., 2004; Liu et al., 2009; Bijman, 2006) | Terms and conditions to organise the transfer of agricultural products from upstream farmers to downstream retailers, or other farms |
| Vertical Coordination (Mighell and Jones, 1963; Hobbs and Young, 2000; Schulze et al., 2006) | Organisation of a supply chain where each successive stage in the production, processing and marketing of a product is appropriately managed and interrelated | ||
| Relationship strength | The dimension of inter-firm relationships that positively influence SC transactions | Power (Cox, 1999; Maloni and Benton, 2000; Sodano, 2007; Szabo and Bardos, 2005) | The capability of one party is informally receiving obedience from another party in SC transaction |
| Mutual understanding (Bensaou, 1997; Nidumolu, 1995) | Broader understanding and compatibility in setting the priorities to achieve each other business goals | ||
| Mutual investment (O’Keeffe, 1998; Liu et al., 2009) | The level of investments made into the relationship | ||
| Trust (Mayer et al., 1995; Duffy and Fearne, 2004) | The extent of reliability to a partner. The belief that an exchange partner is will not exploit other party’s vulnerabilities | ||
| Symmetry (Spekman et al., 2000; Clare et al., 2005) | Refers to the respects and equality in a relationship and proportionate share of the benefits | ||
| Firm performance (Gunasekaran et al., 2001; Liu et al., 2009) | The outcome from a cooperative relationship in SC in the form of increased sales, productivity and market share | ||
| Factors | Definition | Sub-factors | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governance structure/transactional mechanism (Williamson, 1975; | Inter-firm transaction arrangement that influences the exchange process within which the operation is conducted | Contract ( | Terms and conditions to organise the transfer of agricultural products from upstream farmers to downstream retailers, or other farms |
| Vertical Coordination ( | Organisation of a supply chain where each successive stage in the production, processing and marketing of a product is appropriately managed and interrelated | ||
| Relationship strength | The dimension of inter-firm relationships that positively influence SC transactions | Power ( | The capability of one party is informally receiving obedience from another party in SC transaction |
| Mutual understanding ( | Broader understanding and compatibility in setting the priorities to achieve each other business goals | ||
| Mutual investment ( | The level of investments made into the relationship | ||
| Trust ( | The extent of reliability to a partner. The belief that an exchange partner is will not exploit other party’s vulnerabilities | ||
| Symmetry ( | Refers to the respects and equality in a relationship and proportionate share of the benefits | ||
| Firm performance ( | The outcome from a cooperative relationship in SC in the form of increased sales, productivity and market share | ||
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