Table I

Environmental factors identified from the literature

References
Internal factors
1. Misinterpretation of sustainabilityGiunipero et al. (2012), White et al., Abbasi and Nilsson (2012), Paillé et al. (2013), Johnson (2015) 
2. Stakeholder inertiaGovindan et al. (2014), Abbasi and Nilsson (2012), Wu and Pagell (2011), Roehrich et al. (2014) 
3. Misalignment of strategic goalsGiunipero et al. (2012), Wu and Pagell (2011), Longoni and Cagliano (2015) 
4. Investment costWalker et al. (2008), Abbasi and Nilsson (2012), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Aktas, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014), Giunipero et al. (2012), Mathiyazhagan et al. (2013), Roehrich et al. (2014) 
5. Firms capabilities and resourcesRoehrich et al. (2014), Schrettle et al. (2014) 
6. Size of the firmMin and Galle (2001), Mathiyazhagan et al. (2013), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Aktas, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014), Ageron et al. (2012), Walker and Jones (2012)
7. Unorganized return managementSharma et al. (2011), Mollenkopf et al. (2011), Shaharudin et al. (2015), Baiman and Rajan (2002), Alvarez-Gil et al. (2007) 
8. ComplexityWu and Pagell (2011), Abbasi and Nilsson (2012), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Aktas, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014) 
External factors
1. Unwillingness to exchange informationGrimm et al. (2016), Ageron et al. (2012), Walker et al. (2008), Govindan et al. (2014), Kache and Seuring (2014) 
2. Supplier capabilities and resourcesWalker et al. (2008), Schrettle et al. (2014), Mathiyazhagan et al. (2013), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Aktas, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014) 
3. Environmental regulationsWalker et al. (2008), Giunipero et al. (2012) 
4. Insufficient support and guidanceAgeron et al. (2012), Bourlakis, Maglaras, Aktas, Gallear, and Fotopoulos (2014), Govindan et al. (2014)
5. Market structureSchrettle et al. (2014), Walker et al. (2008) 
6. Consumer eco-literacyGiunipero et al. (2012), Reuter et al. (2012), Govindan et al. (2014), Mathiyazhagan et al. (2013), Govindan et al. (2014), Gualandris and Kalchschmidt (2014) 
7. Product priceWalker et al. (2008), Reuter et al. (2012), Ramirez et al. (2014), Roehrich et al. (2014) 
8. Logistics infrastructureSilvestre (2015), Soysal et al. (2014) 
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