Table 4

Structural estimates (hypotheses testing)

PathCoefficientsT-values95% CIVIFR2f2Decision
H1COMP → USA0.0290.515[−0.081, 0.142]2.9300.6370.001Not supported
H2IMG → USA−0.083**2.604[−0.147, −0.021]1.543 0.012Supported
H3PRA → USA0.130*2.359[0.026, 0.233]3.162 0.015Supported
H4PEOU → USA0.0420.754[−0.060, 0.156]3.754 0.001Not supported
H6PU → USA0.104*1.901[0.003, 0.214]3.217 0.009Supported
H7IQ → USA0.135*2.403[0.029, 0.252]3.355 0.014Supported
H8SQ → USA0.263***4.257[0.139, 0.381]3.607 0.048Supported
H9SEQ → USA0.245***4.220[0.134, 0.356]3.922 0.043Supported
H5PEOU → PU0.774***28.475[0.712, 0.822]1.0000.6001.497Supported
Control variables
GenderGender → USA−0.0010.047[−0.055, 0.051]1.041 0.001 
AgeAge → USA−0.0471.835[−0.099, 0.002]1.046 0.006 
EducationEducation → USA−0.0140.580[−0.063, 0.032]1.097 0.002 
LocationLocation → USA−0.063**2.733[−0.112, −0.021]1.026 0.011 

Note(s): *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. CI = Bias-corrected confidence interval

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