Table 4

Operationalization of variables

VariableDefinition and operationalization
Online review helpfulnessA review's number of helpfulness votes
RatingThe star rating of a review
Rating2The quadratic term of the star rating
Review lengthThe number of words in a review
ReadabilityAutomated readability index
Available daysThe number of days that had elapsed since a review was posted
Review sidednessThe degree to which both positive and negative sentiments were represented in a review
Information factualityThe proportion of neutral sentences in a review
Positive sentimentA review's positive emotion score, calculated by aggregating sentences' positive emotion scores in a review
Negative sentimentA review's negative emotion score, calculated by aggregating sentences' negative emotion scores in a review
Emotional intensity at the beginning of a reviewThe sentiment score of the first sentence in a review
Reviewer reputationThe number of helpfulness votes divided by the total number of reviews posted
Hotel classThe reviewed hotel's official class rating
Hotel popularityThe number of reviews a hotel had received
Hotel reputationA hotel's average customer rating

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