Table A2

Full model explaining brand memory

Coefficient (SE)tp
Outcome variable: Perceived human-likeness
X1: voice vs voice + IH0.21 (0.18)1.120.263
X2: voice vs text0.63 (0.17)3.590.000
X3: voice + IH vs text0.42 (0.17)2.520.012
Outcome variable: Cognitive load
X1: voice vs voice + IH−0.01 (0.19)−0.030.979
X2: voice vs text−0.40 (0.18)−2.180.030
X3: voice + IH vs text−0.39 (0.17)−2.240.010
Outcome variable: Persuasion knowledge
X1: voice vs voice + IH0.15 (0.17)0.910.364
X2: voice vs text0.14 (0.16)0.870.384
X3: voice + IH vs text−0.01 (15)−0.070.945
Perceived Human-likeness0.04 (0.04)0.860.393
Cognitive Load0.12 (0.04)2.960.003
Outcome variable: Brand memory
X1: voice vs voice + IH0.82 (0.19)4.300.000
X2: voice vs text0.43 (0.19)2.310.021
X3: voice + IH vs text−0.39 (0.18)−2.230.027
Perceived Human-likeness0.03 (0.05)0.510.609
Cognitive Load−0.10 (0.05)−2.090.038
Persuasion Knowledge0.23 (0.05)4.270.000
Indirect effects
Confidence interval
Effect (SE)Lower limitUpper limit
X1 → HL → M0.01 (0.01)−0.020.04
X2 → HL → M0.02 (0.03)−0.050.09
X3 → HL → M0.01 (0.02)−0.040.06
X1 → CL → M0.00 (0.02)−0.040.05
X2 → CL → M0.04 (0.03)−0.0020.11
X3 → CL → M0.04 (0.03)−0.0030.10
X1 → PK → M0.04 (0.04)−0.040.12
X2 → PK → M0.03 (0.04)−0.040.11
X3 → PK → M−0.003 (0.04)−0.080.07
X1 → HL → PK → M0.00 (0.00)−0.0040.01
X2 → HL → PK → M0.01 (0.01)−0.010.02
X3 → HL → PK → M0.004 (0.01)−0.010.02
X1 → CL → PK → M0.00 (0.01)−0.010.01
X2 → CL → PK → M−0.01 (0.01)−0.03−0.0006
X3 → CL → PK → M−0.01 (0.01)−0.03−0.0004

Note(s): Perceived Human-likeness, F(5, 444) = 8.90, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.09; Cognitive Load, F(5, 444) = 2.73, p = 0.019, R2 = 0.03; Persuasion Knowledge, F(7, 442) = 3.44, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.05; Brand Memory, F(8, 441) = 11.78, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.18; controlled for brand familiarity, familiarity with virtual assistants, modality preference; IH = Interaction History; HL = Perceived Human-likeness; CL = Cognitive Load; PK = Persuasion Knowledge; M = Brand Memory

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