Table I Demographics of the... | Emerald Publishing

Table I

Demographics of the participating firms and informants

Demographics	Frequency (n=556)	Percent	Demographics	Frequency (n=556)	Percent
Gender			Department/ Responsibility
Male	364	65.5	Marketing	67	12.1
Female	192	34.5	Finance/accounting	67	12.1
Job position			Research and development	91	16.4
Mid-level managers	443	79.7	Sales	173	31.1
Low-level managers	113	20.3	Manufacturing	93	16.7
Age			Others	65	11.6
<25	14	2.5	Ownership structure
25–29	128	23.0	With foreign capital	393	70.7
30–34	160	28.8	Without foreign capital	163	29.3
35–39	166	29.9	Industry type
40–44	64	11.5	Manufacturing	155	27.9
>45	24	4.3	Trading	118	21.2
Academic qualifications			Services	283	50.9
Undergraduate	394	70.9	Firm size (assets) in VND billion
Post-graduate	162	29.1	⩽100	137	24.7
Organizational tenure			101–200	83	14.9
2–5 years	403	72.5	201–500	79	14.2
6–10 years	81	14.6	501–1,000	68	12.2
>10 years	72	12.9	>1,000	189	34.0
Budget experience			Firm size (full time equivalent employees)
2–5 years	396	71.2	⩽100	136	24.5
6–10 years	137	24.6	101–300	105	18.9
> 10 years	23	4.2	301–1,000	118	21.2
			1,001–5,000	103	18.5
			5,001–10,000	58	10.4
			>10,000	36	6.5

Demographics	Frequency (n=556)	Percent	Demographics	Frequency (n=556)	Percent
Gender			Department/ Responsibility
Male	364	65.5	Marketing	67	12.1
Female	192	34.5	Finance/accounting	67	12.1
Job position			Research and development	91	16.4
Mid-level managers	443	79.7	Sales	173	31.1
Low-level managers	113	20.3	Manufacturing	93	16.7
Age			Others	65	11.6
<25	14	2.5	Ownership structure
25–29	128	23.0	With foreign capital	393	70.7
30–34	160	28.8	Without foreign capital	163	29.3
35–39	166	29.9	Industry type
40–44	64	11.5	Manufacturing	155	27.9
>45	24	4.3	Trading	118	21.2
Academic qualifications			Services	283	50.9
Undergraduate	394	70.9	Firm size (assets) in VND billion
Post-graduate	162	29.1	⩽100	137	24.7
Organizational tenure			101–200	83	14.9
2–5 years	403	72.5	201–500	79	14.2
6–10 years	81	14.6	501–1,000	68	12.2
>10 years	72	12.9	>1,000	189	34.0
Budget experience			Firm size (full time equivalent employees)
2–5 years	396	71.2	⩽100	136	24.5
6–10 years	137	24.6	101–300	105	18.9
> 10 years	23	4.2	301–1,000	118	21.2
			1,001–5,000	103	18.5
			5,001–10,000	58	10.4
			>10,000	36	6.5