Variables and data sources
| Code | Name | Data sources |
|---|---|---|
| EX | Export value of each good (US$1,000) from Vietnam to each trading partner | UN Comtrade database |
| GDP | GDP of each countries (US$1,000) | World Bank database |
| POP | Population of each countries | World Bank database |
| Dis | Geographical distance between Vietnam and each country | CEPII database |
| ER | Exchange rate of trading partners | IMF database OECD database |
| contig | Whether Vietnam has common border with each country | CEPII database |
| Pr | 25% Thai rice's price for rice's model | FAO |
| Open | Openness of Vietnam | Author's calculation |
| ASEAN | Whether a country is an official member of ASEAN | Author's calculation |
| EU | Whether a country is an official member of EU (exclude the UK) | Author's calculation |
| CPTPP | Whether a country is an official member of CPTPP | Author's calculation |
| C | Other factors affecting to Vietnamese exports in rice and coffee | |
| Determinants of potential bilateral trade | ||
| γ | A vector of unknown parameters | |
| i | Name of trade partner i | |
| t | Time t | |
| ε | Error term | |
| v | The single-sided error term about effects of the “behind-the-border” constraint | |
| u | The double-sided error-term | |
| Code | Name | Data sources |
|---|---|---|
| EX | Export value of each good (US$1,000) from Vietnam to each trading partner | UN Comtrade database |
| GDP | GDP of each countries (US$1,000) | World Bank database |
| POP | Population of each countries | World Bank database |
| Dis | Geographical distance between Vietnam and each country | CEPII database |
| ER | Exchange rate of trading partners | IMF database |
| contig | Whether Vietnam has common border with each country | CEPII database |
| Pr | 25% Thai rice's price for rice's model | FAO |
| Open | Openness of Vietnam | Author's calculation |
| ASEAN | Whether a country is an official member of ASEAN | Author's calculation |
| EU | Whether a country is an official member of EU (exclude the UK) | Author's calculation |
| CPTPP | Whether a country is an official member of CPTPP | Author's calculation |
| Other factors affecting to Vietnamese exports in rice and coffee | ||
| Determinants of potential bilateral trade | ||
| A vector of unknown parameters | ||
| Name of trade partner | ||
| Time | ||
| Error term | ||
| The single-sided error term about effects of the “behind-the-border” constraint | ||
| The double-sided error-term | ||
Source(s): Author (2020)
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