Table 9 The average technical efficiency...

Table 9

The average technical efficiency and potential exports of Vietnam towards its main markets during 2000–2018

Rice model						Coffee model
Partner	Partner name	Technical efficiency	Actual export	Potential export	Export gap	Partner	Partner name	Technical efficiency	Actual export	Potential export	Export gap
AGO	Angola	0.35	34.91	116.51	−81.60	AUS	Australia	0.17	18.57	298.78	−280.22
ARE	UAE	0.44	7.43	31.28	−23.86	BEL	Belgium	0.36	101.30	438.32	−337.01
AUS	Australia	0.31	3.46	41.98	−38.52	BGR	Bulgaria	0.21	5.22	50.85	−45.63
BEN	Benin	0.09	4.17	209.71	−205.54	CAN	Canada	0.09	8.26	315.49	−307.23
BGD	Bangladesh	0.21	22.27	173.24	−150.96	CHE	Switzerland	0.07	32.89	663.00	−630.11
BRN	Brunei	0.10	4.01	332.98	−328.97	CHN	China	0.12	29.86	1061.74	−1031.88
CHE	Switzerland	0.08	3.53	18.50	−14.97	DEU	Germany	0.47	258.65	812.52	−553.88
CHN	China	0.88	334.01	84.56	249.45	DZA	Algeria	0.85	45.49	43.61	1.88
CIV	Cote d'Ivoire	0.60	88.51	179.60	−91.09	ECU	Ecuador	0.63	27.60	52.08	−24.48
CMR	Cameroon	0.17	15.20	208.13	−192.92	EGY	Egypt, Arab Rep	0.37	8.80	33.18	−24.38
COG	Congo, Rep	0.16	6.65	105.07	−98.42	ESP	Spain	0.43	129.82	442.68	−312.86
DZA	Algeria	0.34	15.49	117.48	−101.99	FRA	France	0.16	43.56	699.35	−655.79
FJI	Fiji	0.28	5.92	43.17	−37.24	GBR	UK	0.20	60.03	658.33	−598.31
GAB	Gabon	0.32	5.29	46.31	−41.02	GRC	Greece	0.11	7.35	188.16	−180.80
GHA	Ghana	0.71	90.93	135.99	−45.06	IDN	Indonesia	0.21	23.76	174.75	−150.99
GIN	Guinea	0.11	12.19	204.33	−192.13	IND	India	0.82	31.94	34.01	−2.07
HKG	Hong Kong, China	0.85	39.42	17.56	21.86	ISR	Israel	0.12	9.74	253.11	−243.37
HTI	Haiti	0.18	5.45	223.07	−217.63	ITA	Italy	0.37	135.08	557.89	−422.82
IDN	Indonesia	0.23	201.57	2842.04	−2640.47	JPN	Japan	0.46	97.76	282.26	−184.49
IRN	Iran, Islamic Rep	0.15	7.23	25.05	−17.82	KOR	Korea, Rep	0.33	44.89	242.89	−198.00
ISR	Israel	0.29	3.32	34.47	−31.15	MAR	Morocco	0.44	8.48	28.10	−19.62
JPN	Japan	0.18	9.33	66.77	−57.43	MEX	Mexico	0.36	29.64	87.65	−58.01
KEN	Kenya	0.18	12.33	174.64	−162.31	MYS	Malaysia	0.35	29.11	141.05	−111.94
KOR	Korea, Rep	0.30	10.83	54.11	−43.28	NLD	The Netherlands	0.13	29.90	567.58	−537.68
MOZ	Mozambique	0.29	18.12	226.76	−208.64	PHL	Philippines	0.58	33.72	90.43	−56.72
MYS	Malaysia	0.40	175.63	965.63	−790.00	POL	Poland	0.25	18.65	161.85	−143.20
PHL	Philippines	0.41	422.72	1768.54	−1345.83	PRT	Portugal	0.15	13.32	198.73	−185.41
PNG	Papua New Guinea	0.44	17.03	67.86	−50.83	ROU	Romania	0.20	6.93	91.47	−84.54
POL	Poland	0.20	3.54	61.52	−57.99	Rus	Russian Federation	0.32	44.88	174.14	−129.26
Rus	Russian Federation	0.35	21.53	101.44	−79.91	SGP	Singapore	0.06	13.31	552.17	−538.86
SAU	Saudi Arabia	0.25	5.93	67.47	−61.54	SVN	Slovenia	0.12	6.89	121.18	−114.28
SEN	Senegal	0.26	36.69	160.12	−123.43	THA	Thailand	0.17	25.84	184.30	−158.46
SGP	Singapore	0.39	73.56	359.97	−286.41	TUN	Tunisia	0.28	6.74	27.63	−20.90
SLE	Sierra Leone	0.11	4.17	188.39	−184.23	USA	USA	0.27	228.80	1613.11	−1384.31
TLS	East Timor	0.69	22.47	31.33	−8.86	ZAF	South Africa	0.26	10.53	72.60	−62.06
TUR	Turkey	0.17	4.14	96.40	−92.26	ASEAN		0.28	25.15	229.49	−204.35
TZA	Tanzania	0.26	16.21	226.58	−210.37	EU		0.25	63.06	360.88	−297.82
UKR	Ukraine	0.21	4.58	124.35	−119.77	CPTPP		0.25	32.78	281.26	−248.49
USA	USA	0.35	12.31	73.60	−61.28
ZAF	South Africa	0.30	14.32	105.07	−90.75
ASEAN		0.32	175.50	1315.91	−1140.41
EU		0.20	3.54	61.52	−57.99
CPTPP		0.29	53.20	358.12	−304.92

Rice model						Coffee model
Partner	Partner name	Technical efficiency	Actual export	Potential export	Export gap	Partner	Partner name	Technical efficiency	Actual export	Potential export	Export gap
AGO	Angola	0.35	34.91	116.51	−81.60	AUS	Australia	0.17	18.57	298.78	−280.22
ARE	UAE	0.44	7.43	31.28	−23.86	BEL	Belgium	0.36	101.30	438.32	−337.01
AUS	Australia	0.31	3.46	41.98	−38.52	BGR	Bulgaria	0.21	5.22	50.85	−45.63
BEN	Benin	0.09	4.17	209.71	−205.54	CAN	Canada	0.09	8.26	315.49	−307.23
BGD	Bangladesh	0.21	22.27	173.24	−150.96	CHE	Switzerland	0.07	32.89	663.00	−630.11
BRN	Brunei	0.10	4.01	332.98	−328.97	CHN	China	0.12	29.86	1061.74	−1031.88
CHE	Switzerland	0.08	3.53	18.50	−14.97	DEU	Germany	0.47	258.65	812.52	−553.88
CHN	China	0.88	334.01	84.56	249.45	DZA	Algeria	0.85	45.49	43.61	1.88
CIV	Cote d'Ivoire	0.60	88.51	179.60	−91.09	ECU	Ecuador	0.63	27.60	52.08	−24.48
CMR	Cameroon	0.17	15.20	208.13	−192.92	EGY	Egypt, Arab Rep	0.37	8.80	33.18	−24.38
COG	Congo, Rep	0.16	6.65	105.07	−98.42	ESP	Spain	0.43	129.82	442.68	−312.86
DZA	Algeria	0.34	15.49	117.48	−101.99	FRA	France	0.16	43.56	699.35	−655.79
FJI	Fiji	0.28	5.92	43.17	−37.24	GBR	UK	0.20	60.03	658.33	−598.31
GAB	Gabon	0.32	5.29	46.31	−41.02	GRC	Greece	0.11	7.35	188.16	−180.80
GHA	Ghana	0.71	90.93	135.99	−45.06	IDN	Indonesia	0.21	23.76	174.75	−150.99
GIN	Guinea	0.11	12.19	204.33	−192.13	IND	India	0.82	31.94	34.01	−2.07
HKG	Hong Kong, China	0.85	39.42	17.56	21.86	ISR	Israel	0.12	9.74	253.11	−243.37
HTI	Haiti	0.18	5.45	223.07	−217.63	ITA	Italy	0.37	135.08	557.89	−422.82
IDN	Indonesia	0.23	201.57	2842.04	−2640.47	JPN	Japan	0.46	97.76	282.26	−184.49
IRN	Iran, Islamic Rep	0.15	7.23	25.05	−17.82	KOR	Korea, Rep	0.33	44.89	242.89	−198.00
ISR	Israel	0.29	3.32	34.47	−31.15	MAR	Morocco	0.44	8.48	28.10	−19.62
JPN	Japan	0.18	9.33	66.77	−57.43	MEX	Mexico	0.36	29.64	87.65	−58.01
KEN	Kenya	0.18	12.33	174.64	−162.31	MYS	Malaysia	0.35	29.11	141.05	−111.94
KOR	Korea, Rep	0.30	10.83	54.11	−43.28	NLD	The Netherlands	0.13	29.90	567.58	−537.68
MOZ	Mozambique	0.29	18.12	226.76	−208.64	PHL	Philippines	0.58	33.72	90.43	−56.72
MYS	Malaysia	0.40	175.63	965.63	−790.00	POL	Poland	0.25	18.65	161.85	−143.20
PHL	Philippines	0.41	422.72	1768.54	−1345.83	PRT	Portugal	0.15	13.32	198.73	−185.41
PNG	Papua New Guinea	0.44	17.03	67.86	−50.83	ROU	Romania	0.20	6.93	91.47	−84.54
POL	Poland	0.20	3.54	61.52	−57.99	Rus	Russian Federation	0.32	44.88	174.14	−129.26
Rus	Russian Federation	0.35	21.53	101.44	−79.91	SGP	Singapore	0.06	13.31	552.17	−538.86
SAU	Saudi Arabia	0.25	5.93	67.47	−61.54	SVN	Slovenia	0.12	6.89	121.18	−114.28
SEN	Senegal	0.26	36.69	160.12	−123.43	THA	Thailand	0.17	25.84	184.30	−158.46
SGP	Singapore	0.39	73.56	359.97	−286.41	TUN	Tunisia	0.28	6.74	27.63	−20.90
SLE	Sierra Leone	0.11	4.17	188.39	−184.23	USA	USA	0.27	228.80	1613.11	−1384.31
TLS	East Timor	0.69	22.47	31.33	−8.86	ZAF	South Africa	0.26	10.53	72.60	−62.06
TUR	Turkey	0.17	4.14	96.40	−92.26	ASEAN		0.28	25.15	229.49	−204.35
TZA	Tanzania	0.26	16.21	226.58	−210.37	EU		0.25	63.06	360.88	−297.82
UKR	Ukraine	0.21	4.58	124.35	−119.77	CPTPP		0.25	32.78	281.26	−248.49
USA	USA	0.35	12.31	73.60	−61.28
ZAF	South Africa	0.30	14.32	105.07	−90.75
ASEAN		0.32	175.50	1315.91	−1140.41
EU		0.20	3.54	61.52	−57.99
CPTPP		0.29	53.20	358.12	−304.92

Source(s): Author's estimation (2020)

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