Openness and closeness in collaborative innovation
| Openness and closeness | Dyadic interaction | Relationship connections |
|---|---|---|
| Form and content of openness | The existence of links, ties and bonds within a collaborative relationship | Existence of links, ties and bonds among participants in multi-actor projects |
| Examples: SKF’s customer-driven projects; Nippon Steel – Toyota | Example: Loccioni | |
| Existence of links, ties and bonds in third-party relationships | ||
| Example: SKF’s segment-driven projects | ||
| Form and content of closeness | Keeping different collaborative relationships apart, e.g. in multi-actor projects | |
| Examples: Oxeon; Nippon Steel – Toyota | ||
| Exclusion of third parties from participating | ||
| Examples: SKF’s customer-driven projects; Oxeon | ||
| Dynamics of openness and closeness | Increasing/decreasing links, ties and bonds within a collaborative relationship | Increasing/decreasing links, ties and bonds within a multi-actor project |
| Examples: Nippon Steel – Toyota; Pharmacia Biotech – Seiko | Example: Loccioni | |
| Exclusion of third parties in development and opening up in the commercial phase | ||
| Examples: Nippon Steel – Toyota; Loccioni |
| Openness and closeness | Dyadic interaction | Relationship connections |
|---|---|---|
| Form and content of openness | The existence of links, ties and bonds within a collaborative relationship | Existence of links, ties and bonds among participants in multi-actor projects |
| Examples: SKF’s customer-driven projects; Nippon Steel – Toyota | Example: Loccioni | |
| Existence of links, ties and bonds in third-party relationships | ||
| Example: SKF’s segment-driven projects | ||
| Form and content of closeness | Keeping different collaborative relationships apart, e.g. in multi-actor projects | |
| Examples: Oxeon; Nippon Steel – Toyota | ||
| Exclusion of third parties from participating | ||
| Examples: SKF’s customer-driven projects; Oxeon | ||
| Dynamics of openness and closeness | Increasing/decreasing links, ties and bonds within a collaborative relationship | Increasing/decreasing links, ties and bonds within a multi-actor project |
| Examples: Nippon Steel – Toyota; Pharmacia Biotech – Seiko | Example: Loccioni | |
| Exclusion of third parties in development and opening up in the commercial phase | ||
| Examples: Nippon Steel – Toyota; Loccioni |