ESG disclosure elements
| Variable | Code | Data coverage | Operationalization |
|---|---|---|---|
| Environmental performance disclosure | ENVD | Direct and indirect energy consumption, energy intensity, primary energy source, water management, waste management, environmental policy, environmental impacts | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Social performance disclosure | SOCD | CEO pay ratio, gender pay ratio, employee turnover rate, gender diversity, non-discrimination, injury rate, child labor, human rights policy, board- diversity, donations, employee qualification, community work, health | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Governance performance disclosure | GOVD | Board- separation of powers, confidential voting, incentivized pay, fair labor practice, supplier code (SC) of conduct, ethics code (EC) of conduct, bribery/anti-corruption code (BAC), tax transparency | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Total sustainability performance disclosure | ESGD | Environmental, social, and governance performance disclosure | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Variable | Code | Data coverage | Operationalization |
|---|---|---|---|
| Environmental performance disclosure | ENVD | Direct and indirect energy consumption, energy intensity, primary energy source, water management, waste management, environmental policy, environmental impacts | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Social performance disclosure | SOCD | CEO pay ratio, gender pay ratio, employee turnover rate, gender diversity, non-discrimination, injury rate, child labor, human rights policy, board- diversity, donations, employee qualification, community work, health | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Governance performance disclosure | GOVD | Board- separation of powers, confidential voting, incentivized pay, fair labor practice, supplier code (SC) of conduct, ethics code (EC) of conduct, bribery/anti-corruption code (BAC), tax transparency | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |
| Total sustainability performance disclosure | ESGD | Environmental, social, and governance performance disclosure | Dummy 1 for disclosing the item and 0 otherwise |