Table A1.

Variable definitions

Variable nameDefinition
SalesgrowthSegment sales minus segment sales of previous year, divided by the previous year’s segment sales
CashflowsThe ratio of segment operating income before depreciation to segment total assets
SizeThe logarithm of segment total assets
InvestmentSegment capital expenditure divided by total assets
IndustryQAverage Tobin’s Q of all firms in an industry based on four-digit-SIC
(Tobin’s Q is The ratio of market value of total assets to the book value of total assets, where market value of total assets is the sum of book value of total assets and the market value of equity less the book value of equity)
ConglomerateA dummy variable that identifies firms with more than one segment with positive sales and assets in more than one four-digit-SIC industries
Post2001A dummy variable indicating years from 2001 onward
NTRgapNon-NTR rate – NTR rate

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