Table 5 Institutional quality threshold...

Table 5

Institutional quality threshold and marginal effect

Marginal effects $γ = β_{1} + β_{3} \times I N S_{i t}$			Model A.3		Model A.4
Marginal effects $γ = β_{1} + β_{3} \times I N S_{i t}$			$β_{1}$ 0.0160	$β_{3}$ −0.0024	$β_{1}$ 0.0190	$β_{3}$ −0.0025
	EF	DR	Threshold
Benin	0.0014	0.0018	6.7		7.6
Botswana	−0.0014	−0.0010	Countries that are above the threshold
Burkina Faso	0.0018	0.0107	Botswana		Botswana
Cameroon	0.0021	0.0165	The Gambia		Ghana
Congo, rep	0.0044	0.0190	Ghana		Kenya
Cote d'Ivoire	0.0020	0.0123	Kenya		Lesotho
Eswatini	0.0008	0.0190	Liberia		Mauritius
Gabon	0.0024	0.0123	Mauritius		South Africa
Gambia, the	−0.0010	0.0177	Rwanda
Ghana	−0.0001	−0.0010	Seychelles
Guinea	0.0034	0.0125	South Africa
Guinea-bissau	0.0034	0.0048	Uganda
Kenya	−0.0009	−0.0015
Lesotho	0.0007	−0.0022
Liberia	−0.0006	0.0050
Madagascar	0.0011	0.0050
Mali	0.0018	0.0037
Mauritius	−0.0028	−0.0060
Mozambique	0.0025	0.0055
Namibia	0.0002	0.0040
Niger	0.0026	0.0037
Nigeria	0.0006	0.0063
Rwanda	−0.0006	0.0190
Senegal	0.0018	0.0010
Seychelles	−0.0016	0.0037
Sierra Leone	0.0016	0.0005
South Africa	−0.0004	−0.0035
Tanzania	0.0003	0.0127
Togo	0.0020	0.0165
Uganda	−0.0016	0.0167

Marginal effects $γ = β_{1} + β_{3} \times I N S_{i t}$			Model A.3		Model A.4
Marginal effects $γ = β_{1} + β_{3} \times I N S_{i t}$			$β_{1}$ 0.0160	$β_{3}$ −0.0024	$β_{1}$ 0.0190	$β_{3}$ −0.0025
	EF	DR	Threshold
Benin	0.0014	0.0018	6.7		7.6
Botswana	−0.0014	−0.0010	Countries that are above the threshold
Burkina Faso	0.0018	0.0107	Botswana		Botswana
Cameroon	0.0021	0.0165	The Gambia		Ghana
Congo, rep	0.0044	0.0190	Ghana		Kenya
Cote d'Ivoire	0.0020	0.0123	Kenya		Lesotho
Eswatini	0.0008	0.0190	Liberia		Mauritius
Gabon	0.0024	0.0123	Mauritius		South Africa
Gambia, the	−0.0010	0.0177	Rwanda
Ghana	−0.0001	−0.0010	Seychelles
Guinea	0.0034	0.0125	South Africa
Guinea-bissau	0.0034	0.0048	Uganda
Kenya	−0.0009	−0.0015
Lesotho	0.0007	−0.0022
Liberia	−0.0006	0.0050
Madagascar	0.0011	0.0050
Mali	0.0018	0.0037
Mauritius	−0.0028	−0.0060
Mozambique	0.0025	0.0055
Namibia	0.0002	0.0040
Niger	0.0026	0.0037
Nigeria	0.0006	0.0063
Rwanda	−0.0006	0.0190
Senegal	0.0018	0.0010
Seychelles	−0.0016	0.0037
Sierra Leone	0.0016	0.0005
South Africa	−0.0004	−0.0035
Tanzania	0.0003	0.0127
Togo	0.0020	0.0165
Uganda	−0.0016	0.0167

Source(s): Authors' computations

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