Table 4

Evaluation of the structural model

 Full sampleLarge/SMEsMGASMEs Belarus/SMEs SpainMGA
 bt-valuebt-value[df]pbt-value[df]p
IMC → CP0.589***21,5290.576***/0.633***13.842/19.5830.0570.2850.558***/0.832***12.079/30.9940.2740.000
CP → MP0.743***27,3820.926***/0.576***27.922/11.8030.3500.0000.570***/0.861***8.484/8.5210.2910.011
CP → FP0.802***39,1370.796***/0.903***24.707/32.6790.1070.0060.879***/0.812***26.601/12.5540.0670.350
Direct effect: MC → MP0.051 ns1754−0.205***/0.236***4.903/5.4290.4410.0000.179***/−0.021 ns3.248/0.1810.2000.064
Indirect effect: IMC → CP → MP0.438***16,8820.533***/0.364***10.338/10.3040.1690.0000.318***/0.676***10.650/10.9550.1850.000
Total effect: IMC → MP0.489***15,2710.328***/0.600***5.571/18.8500.2720.0000.497***/0.696***11.761/12.5790.1990.002
Direct effect: IMC → FP0.012 ns0.411−0.001 ns/−0.128***0.011/3.4520.1270.032−0.125***/0.011 ns2.794/0.1810.1370.004
Indirect effect: IMC → CP → FP0.473***17,8010.459***/0.572***11.863/15.7910.1130.0160.490***/0.717***6.937/8.3470.3980.007
Total effect: MC → FP0.485***14,0860.458***/0.444***8.396/9.5020.0140.4180.365***/0.787***5.468/23.4500.4220.000

Note(s): IMC = integrated marketing communications, CP = customer performance, MP = market performance, FP = financial performance. b = path coefficients; df = path coefficient difference; ns = not significante; S = supported, R = rejected; SE = suppression effect, FM = full mediation, PM = partial mediation. P = p-Value; * = p < 0.01, ns = p > 0.1

Source(s): Own elaborations

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