Table 1

Definitions and sources of variables

VariableNameDefinitionSource
Fiscal deficitFDEFThe difference between revenue and expenditure, excluding grants and interest payments, expressed as a percentage of GDPIMF (2019) 
Interest rateLRATEReturn on government issued debt or bondsWorld Bank (2019b) 
Real GDP growthRGDPYear-on-year change in a country's real GDP, expressed as a percentageWorld Bank (2019b) 
Debt serviceDEBTThe percentage debt service of expressed as a percentage of GDP in any given yearWorld Bank (2019b) 
GrantsGRANTOfficial bilateral and multilateral non-repayable loans received expressed as a percentage of GDPWorld Bank (2019b) 
Current account balanceCABThe difference between a country's value of exports and imports of goods, services, and transfer payments, expressed as a percentage of GDPIMF (2019) 
Inflation rateINFLATIONYear-on-year change in a country's consumer price index (2010 = 100), expressed as a percentageWorld Bank (2019b) 

Source(s): Own elaboration

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