Table III IHOs customers Actor Function... | Emerald Publishing

Table III

IHOs customers

Actor	Function	Commercial transaction	Authors
Beneficiaries	The end-user of the product or service whose needs or requirements must be accommodated	None	Oloruntoba and Gray (2009), Kovács and Spens (2007), Altay and Green (2006)
Implementing partner (IP)	These are specific organisations, with specific functions (such as water, shelter, etc.) operating between the international humanitarian organisations (IHOs) and the aid beneficiaries/end-users of the relief effort	Yes between IP and IHO	Matopoulos et al. (2014), Kovács and Spens (2011), Thomas and Mizushima (2005)
Donor (governmental, institutional, private)	Provides funding for IHOs to procure staff, relief goods, and transport them to disaster sites for relief distribution. The donor not only provides funding but may also provide supplies such as clothing, food or cooking oil, here the donor acts like a supplier, except that the donor does not get paid	Yes between donor and IHO. None when donor acts as a supplier (in-kind donations)	Heaslip (2013), Holguín-Veras et al. (2013), Oloruntoba and Gray (2009), Van Wassenhove (2006), Kovács and Spens (2009), Van Wassenhove (2006)
IHO	Can act as donor, implementing partner, or delivery partner in particular programmes or through clusters	Yes between IHOs	Kovács (2014), Jahre and Jensen (2010)
UN Agency	Specific organisation, with specific functions (such as water, shelter, etc.) Can act as delivery partners in particular programmes or through clusters	Yes between donor, IHO and IP	Heaslip (2013), Kovács and Spens (2011), Jahre and Jensen (2010)
Logistics service provider	Specific organisation, with specific logistics capabilities (such as distribution, cold chain, warehousing, etc.). Can act as delivery partners in particular programmes	Yes between donor, IHO, UN Agency and IP	Abidi et al. (2015), Bealt et al. (2016), Heaslip (2013), Vega and Roussat (2015)

Actor	Function	Commercial transaction	Authors
Beneficiaries	The end-user of the product or service whose needs or requirements must be accommodated	None	Oloruntoba and Gray (2009), Kovács and Spens (2007), Altay and Green (2006)
Implementing partner (IP)	These are specific organisations, with specific functions (such as water, shelter, etc.) operating between the international humanitarian organisations (IHOs) and the aid beneficiaries/end-users of the relief effort	Yes between IP and IHO	Matopoulos et al. (2014), Kovács and Spens (2011), Thomas and Mizushima (2005)
Donor (governmental, institutional, private)	Provides funding for IHOs to procure staff, relief goods, and transport them to disaster sites for relief distribution. The donor not only provides funding but may also provide supplies such as clothing, food or cooking oil, here the donor acts like a supplier, except that the donor does not get paid	Yes between donor and IHO. None when donor acts as a supplier (in-kind donations)	Heaslip (2013), Holguín-Veras et al. (2013), Oloruntoba and Gray (2009), Van Wassenhove (2006), Kovács and Spens (2009), Van Wassenhove (2006)
IHO	Can act as donor, implementing partner, or delivery partner in particular programmes or through clusters	Yes between IHOs	Kovács (2014), Jahre and Jensen (2010)
UN Agency	Specific organisation, with specific functions (such as water, shelter, etc.) Can act as delivery partners in particular programmes or through clusters	Yes between donor, IHO and IP	Heaslip (2013), Kovács and Spens (2011), Jahre and Jensen (2010)
Logistics service provider	Specific organisation, with specific logistics capabilities (such as distribution, cold chain, warehousing, etc.). Can act as delivery partners in particular programmes	Yes between donor, IHO, UN Agency and IP	Abidi et al. (2015), Bealt et al. (2016), Heaslip (2013), Vega and Roussat (2015)