Table 3 Nonresponse bias test Analysis... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Nonresponse bias test

Analysis parameter		Information integration	Procurement internal controls	Materials and purchasing procedure standardization	Procurement performance
Mann–Whitney U		51.500	59.000	71.500	98.500
Wilcoxon W		61.500	69.000	79.500	1,583.500
Z		−1.735	−1.504	−1.635	−0.292
Asymp. sig. (two-tailed)		0.083	0.133	0.069	0.771
Exact sig. [2 × (one-tailed sig.)]		0.083^b	0.141^b	0.069^b	0.779^b

Analysis parameter		Information integration	Procurement internal controls	Materials and purchasing procedure standardization	Procurement performance
Mann–Whitney U		51.500	59.000	71.500	98.500
Wilcoxon W		61.500	69.000	79.500	1,583.500
Z		−1.735	−1.504	−1.635	−0.292
Asymp. sig. (two-tailed)		0.083	0.133	0.069	0.771
Exact sig. [2 × (one-tailed sig.)]		0.083^b	0.141^b	0.069^b	0.779^b

Notes:

^aGrouping variable: Gender – mean; ^bNot corrected for ties

Source: Table created by the authors after running nonresponse bias test