Table 4

Barriers and facilitators according to the type of innovation

AuthorsCramer etaL (2014)Dugstad etaL (2020)Coccia (2014)Dugstad etaL (2019)Mikhailova (2018)Söderholm etaL (2010)Tanniru etaL (2018)Van Bockhaven etaL (2017)Melkas etaL (2020)

Type of innovation

Organizational

Organizational

Treatment

Technological

Technological

Technological

Technological

Technological

Technological

Study design

Longitudinal

Cross-sectional

Observational

Longitudinal

Single case

Single case

Single case

Multiple case

Observational

Level of evidence

4

3

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

Scientific evidence

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial resources

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Material and human resources

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Training, education and knowledge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Staff motivation and commitment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Incentives

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expected outcomes and added value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Organizational culture

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Workflow integration and readiness

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Clear plan, roles, responsibilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Evaluation, monitoring and problem-solving

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Power distribution and hierarchy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Management and leader support

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collaborations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Inclusion of champions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conflicts of interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Involvement of important stakeholders

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Political implications

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Legal issues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ethical and moral values

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Geographic location

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note(s): Red represents a barrier, blue a facilitator, and purple both a barrier and facilitator

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