Table II Comparison of self-esteem,... | Emerald Publishing

Table II

Comparison of self-esteem, attitude, smoking, perceived control over smoking and smoking per day scores between the intervention and control groups by a generalized estimating equation

	Intervention group (n = 35)		Control group (n = 35)
Trial period	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean difference	95% CI	p-value
Self-esteem	63.63	0.74^a	59.40	0.49^a	4.15	1.95, 6.36	<0.001
Before trial	61.11	8.08	58.71	5.04	2.40	−0.88, 5.56	0.152
After trial	64.60	7.75	58.77	5.09	5.82	2.69, 8.95	<0.001
12-week follow-up	65.20	6.63	60.65	4.85	4.54	1.76, 7.31	0.002
Attitude toward smoking	35.53	0.77^a	32.20	0.33^a	3.30	1.89, 5.52	<0.001
Before trial	34.80	6.15	32.22	3.36	2.57	−0.58, 4.35	0.133
After trial	36.45	7.03	32.17	3.38	4.28	1.65-6.91	0.002
12-week follow-up	35.34	6.12	32.20	3.36	3.14	0.78-5.49	0.010
Perceived control over smoking	37.90	0.80^a	33.52	0.60^a	6.99	4.04, 9.94	<0.001
Before trial	36.94	7.94	33.37	6.32	3.57	0.14, 6.99	0.042
After trial	38.57	8.72	33.57	6.29	3.87	0.27, 7.47	0.035
12-week follow-up	38.20	8.25	33.62	6.25	4.07	0.48, 7.67	0.027
Number of cigarettes per day	3.90	0.22^a	4.65	0.24^a	0.69	−0.21, 1.61	0.134
Before trial	5.17	2.35	5.06	2.36	0.11	−1.01, 1.24	0.840
After trial	3.88	1.88	4.74	2.30	0.88	−1.88, 0.11	0.083
12-week follow-up	2.69	1.84	4.17	2.84	1.48	−2.62, −0.34	0.012

	Intervention group (n = 35)		Control group (n = 35)
Trial period	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean difference	95% CI	p-value
Self-esteem	63.63	0.74^a	59.40	0.49^a	4.15	1.95, 6.36	<0.001
Before trial	61.11	8.08	58.71	5.04	2.40	−0.88, 5.56	0.152
After trial	64.60	7.75	58.77	5.09	5.82	2.69, 8.95	<0.001
12-week follow-up	65.20	6.63	60.65	4.85	4.54	1.76, 7.31	0.002
Attitude toward smoking	35.53	0.77^a	32.20	0.33^a	3.30	1.89, 5.52	<0.001
Before trial	34.80	6.15	32.22	3.36	2.57	−0.58, 4.35	0.133
After trial	36.45	7.03	32.17	3.38	4.28	1.65-6.91	0.002
12-week follow-up	35.34	6.12	32.20	3.36	3.14	0.78-5.49	0.010
Perceived control over smoking	37.90	0.80^a	33.52	0.60^a	6.99	4.04, 9.94	<0.001
Before trial	36.94	7.94	33.37	6.32	3.57	0.14, 6.99	0.042
After trial	38.57	8.72	33.57	6.29	3.87	0.27, 7.47	0.035
12-week follow-up	38.20	8.25	33.62	6.25	4.07	0.48, 7.67	0.027
Number of cigarettes per day	3.90	0.22^a	4.65	0.24^a	0.69	−0.21, 1.61	0.134
Before trial	5.17	2.35	5.06	2.36	0.11	−1.01, 1.24	0.840
After trial	3.88	1.88	4.74	2.30	0.88	−1.88, 0.11	0.083
12-week follow-up	2.69	1.84	4.17	2.84	1.48	−2.62, −0.34	0.012

Note: ^aSE