| Team Training | Workshops/meetings | (Alowad et al., 2021; Allaudeen et al., 2017; Ben-Tovim et al., 2008; Carter et al., 2012; Dickson et al., 2009a, b; Matt et al., 2018; Naik et al., 2012; Ng et al., 2010; Rosso and Saurin, 2018; Sánchez et al., 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015) |
| Planning | Project charter | (Furterer, 2018; Matt et al., 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015; Vashi et al., 2019) |
| A3 | Arbune et al. (2017) |
| Suppliers inputs process outputs customers (SIPOC) | (Carter et al., 2012; Furterer, 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015) |
| MAPPING | Value stream map (VSM) | (Alowad et al., 2021; Arbune et al., 2017; Bal et al., 2017; Carney et al., 2020; Carter et al., 2012; Chan et al., 2014; Chiarini, 2013; Cookson et al., 2011; Dickson et al., 2009a, b; El Sayed et al., 2015; Eller, 2009; Hitti et al., 2017; Improta et al., 2018; Kane et al., 2015; Matt et al., 2018; Naik et al., 2012; Ng et al., 2010; Nicholas, 2012; Rosso and Saurin, 2018; Sánchez et al., 2018; Vashi et al., 2019; Verbano and Crema, 2019; White et al., 2014) |
| Flow chart | (Al Owad et al., 2018; Alowad et al., 2021; Chan et al., 2014; Dickson et al., 2009a; Elamir, 2018; Eller, 2009; Sánchez et al., 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015) |
| Spaghetti chart | (Chiarini, 2013; Nicholas, 2012) |
| Data Gathering | Gemba waste walk | (Al Owad et al., 2018; Alowad et al., 2021; Arbune et al., 2017; Carter et al., 2012; Chiarini, 2013; El Sayed et al., 2015; Elamir, 2018; Improta et al., 2018; Nicholas, 2012; Rosso and Saurin, 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015) |
| A3 | (Al Owad et al., 2018; Alowad et al., 2021) |
| Waste and cause identification | Ishikawa | (Al Owad et al., 2018; Alowad et al., 2021; Carter et al., 2012; El Sayed et al., 2015; Furterer, 2018) |
| 5-Whys | Wolak et al. (2020) |
| Waste matrix | (Carter et al., 2012; Sánchez et al., 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015; Verbano and Crema, 2019) |
| Root cause analysis | (Allaudeen et al., 2017; Cookson et al., 2011; El Sayed et al., 2015; Elamir, 2018; Eller, 2009; Furterer, 2018; Improta et al., 2018; Mazzocato et al., 2012; Sanders and Karr, 2015; Vashi et al., 2019; Verbano and Crema, 2019) |
| Event-driven process chain (EPC) | Al Owad et al. (2018) |
| Activity worksheet diagram (AWD) | Chiarini (2013) |
| Proposals for improvement | 3P (production preparation process) | Nicholas (2012) |
| SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) communication tool | Wolak et al. (2020) |
| Discrete event simulation (DES) | Bal et al. (2017) |
| Queuing methodology, demand-capacity matching, forecasting, scenario analysis | White et al. (2014) |
| Implementation | RPIW | (Allaudeen et al., 2017; Kane et al., 2015; Naik et al., 2012; Sanders and Karr, 2015; Vashi et al., 2019) |
| Heijunka | Hitti et al. (2017) |
| Kanban | (Hitti et al., 2017; Ng et al., 2010) |
| Just in time | Ng et al. (2010) |
| One piece flow | Sánchez et al. (2018) |
| 5S | (Bal et al., 2017; Ben-Tovim et al., 2008; Improta et al., 2018; Kane et al., 2015; Sánchez et al., 2018; White et al., 2014) |
| Balance chart | Improta et al. (2018) |
| Poke yoke | Sanders and Karr (2015) |
| Control | A3 | (Bal et al., 2017; Carter et al., 2012) |
| Visual management | (Allaudeen et al., 2017; Arbune et al., 2017; Bal et al., 2017; Carter et al., 2012; Hitti et al., 2017; Improta et al., 2018; Kane et al., 2015; Matt et al., 2018; Ng et al., 2010; Sánchez et al., 2018; Sanders and Karr, 2015; Vashi et al., 2019) |
| Daily management system | (Allaudeen et al., 2017; Arbune et al., 2017; Kane et al., 2015; Vashi et al., 2019) |
| Plan do check Act (PDCA)/Plan do study Act (PDSA) as control cycle | (Allaudeen et al., 2017; Furterer, 2018; Mazzocato et al., 2012; Ng et al., 2010; Sánchez et al., 2018; Vashi et al., 2019) |
| Control charts | (Carney et al., 2020; Sanders and Karr, 2015) |
| Audit plans | (Ng et al., 2010; Vashi et al., 2019; Verbano and Crema, 2019) |
| Gemba waste walk | Kane et al. (2015) |