Table 2 Perceived changes after...

Table 2

Perceived changes after retirement and life skills improvement of HRP evaluation (experimental group n = 47, comparison group n = 43)

Outcomes	Groups	$\bar{x}$ $\pm$ S.D.			Difference between groups				Change within groups
		Baseline	Posttest	Follow-up	Posttest – baseline		Follow-up – baseline		Change within groups
		Baseline	Posttest	Follow-up	$\bar{x}$ ± S.D.	$\bar{d}$ p-value	$\bar{x}$ $\pm$ S.D.	$\bar{d}$ p-value	F(d.f.) p-value
Perceived changes of retirement	Experimental	69.1 ± 9.2	67.7 ± 7.7	68.0 ± 6.9	–1.0 ± 9.1	–3.83 0.034*	–1.1 ± 9.6	–1.48 0.404	0.48(2,45), 0.625
Perceived changes of retirement	Comparison	66.2 ± 6.3	68.9 ± 5.4	66.5 ± 6.3	2.8 ± 7.0	–3.83 0.034*	0.4 ± 6.4	–1.48 0.404	4.18(2,41), 0.023**
Life skills Decision-making skills	Experimental	41.0 ± 6.3	40.7 ± 7.4	41.0 ± 5.1	–0.2 ± 7.4	0.013 0.992	0.1 ± 5.7	0.023 0.985	0.12(2,45), 0.885
Life skills Decision-making skills	Comparison	40.0 ± 5.4	39.8 ± 5.7	40.0 ± 5.5	–0.2 ± 4.8	0.013 0.992	0.0 ± 4.9	0.023 0.985	0.05(2,41), 0.948
Planning skills	Experimental	47.7 ± 4.6	46.5 ± 7.2	46.8 ± 4.0	–1.2 ± 7.9	1.665 0.244	0.4 ± 3.7	0.481 0.585	0.51(2,45), 0.605
Planning skills	Comparison	47.3 ± 5.3	47.8 ± 4.8	47.2 ± 4.8	0.5 ± 4.2	1.665 0.244	–0.1 ± 4.3	0.481 0.585	0.43(2,41), 0.657
Seeking support skill	Experimental	18.1 ± 3.2	19.0 ± 3.7	19.1 ± 2.9	0.9 ± 4.1	0.530 0.503	1.0 ± 2.4	1.399 0.013*	1.48(2,45), 0.240
Seeking support skill	Comparison	18.4 ± 2.6	18.9 ± 2.9	18.1 ± 2.9	0.4 ± 2.9	0.530 0.503	–0.4 ± 2.6	1.399 0.013*	1.35(2,41), 0.266

Outcomes	Groups	$\bar{x}$ $\pm$ S.D.			Difference between groups				Change within groups
		Baseline	Posttest	Follow-up	Posttest – baseline		Follow-up – baseline		Change within groups
		Baseline	Posttest	Follow-up	$\bar{x}$ ± S.D.	$\bar{d}$ p-value	$\bar{x}$ $\pm$ S.D.	$\bar{d}$ p-value	F(d.f.)p-value
Perceived changes of retirement	Experimental	69.1 ± 9.2	67.7 ± 7.7	68.0 ± 6.9	–1.0 ± 9.1	–3.830.034*	–1.1 ± 9.6	–1.480.404	0.48(2,45), 0.625
Perceived changes of retirement	Comparison	66.2 ± 6.3	68.9 ± 5.4	66.5 ± 6.3	2.8 ± 7.0	–3.830.034*	0.4 ± 6.4	–1.480.404	4.18(2,41), 0.023**
Life skillsDecision-making skills	Experimental	41.0 ± 6.3	40.7 ± 7.4	41.0 ± 5.1	–0.2 ± 7.4	0.0130.992	0.1 ± 5.7	0.0230.985	0.12(2,45), 0.885
Life skillsDecision-making skills	Comparison	40.0 ± 5.4	39.8 ± 5.7	40.0 ± 5.5	–0.2 ± 4.8	0.0130.992	0.0 ± 4.9	0.0230.985	0.05(2,41), 0.948
Planning skills	Experimental	47.7 ± 4.6	46.5 ± 7.2	46.8 ± 4.0	–1.2 ± 7.9	1.6650.244	0.4 ± 3.7	0.4810.585	0.51(2,45), 0.605
Planning skills	Comparison	47.3 ± 5.3	47.8 ± 4.8	47.2 ± 4.8	0.5 ± 4.2	1.6650.244	–0.1 ± 4.3	0.4810.585	0.43(2,41), 0.657
Seeking support skill	Experimental	18.1 ± 3.2	19.0 ± 3.7	19.1 ± 2.9	0.9 ± 4.1	0.5300.503	1.0 ± 2.4	1.3990.013*	1.48(2,45), 0.240
Seeking support skill	Comparison	18.4 ± 2.6	18.9 ± 2.9	18.1 ± 2.9	0.4 ± 2.9	0.5300.503	–0.4 ± 2.6	1.3990.013*	1.35(2,41), 0.266

Note(s): (1)*p < 0.05 revealed significant differences between experimental and comparison groups by independent t-test

(2)d is effect size compared experimental and comparison groups

(3)p < 0.05 reveal significant differences within groups by repeated measure ANOVA

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