Background characteristics of the respondents (N = 213)
| Factors | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Worker factors | ||
| Age (years) | ||
| 184 | (86.4) |
| 29 | (13.6) |
| Gender | ||
| 105 | 49.3 |
| 108 | 50.7 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| 185 | 86.9 |
| 13 | 6.1 |
| 11 | 5.2 |
| 4 | 1.9 |
| Occupation | ||
| 5 | 2.3 |
| 44 | 20.7 |
| 50 | 23.5 |
| 1 | 0.5 |
| 43 | 20.2 |
| 3 | 1.4 |
| 13 | 6.1 |
| 13 | 6.1 |
| 35 | 16.4 |
| 6 | 2.8 |
| Working experience (years) | ||
| 145 | 68.1 |
| 68 | 39.1 |
| Education level | ||
| 1 | 5.0 |
| 2 | 9.0 |
| 50 | 23.5 |
| 5 | 2.3 |
| 97 | 45.5 |
| 51 | 23.9 |
| 7 | 3.3 |
| Workplace factors | ||
| Working in shifts | ||
| 193 | 90.6 |
| 20 | 9.4 |
| Physical contact with patient | ||
| 170 | 79.8 |
| 43 | 20.2 |
| Number of staff working together | ||
| 103 | 48.4 |
| 110 | 51.6 |
| Psychosocial workplace environment factors | ||
| Job demand | ||
| 76 | 35.7 |
| 137 | 64.3 |
| Job control | ||
| 102 | 47.9 |
| 111 | 52.1 |
| Job support | ||
| 49 | 23.0 |
| 164 | 77.0 |
| Community/environmental factors | ||
| Type of hospital | ||
| 124 | 58.2 |
| 89 | 41.8 |
| Factors | % | |
|---|---|---|
≤40 | 184 | (86.4) |
>40 | 29 | (13.6) |
Male | 105 | 49.3 |
Female | 108 | 50.7 |
Malay | 185 | 86.9 |
Chinese | 13 | 6.1 |
Indian | 11 | 5.2 |
Others | 4 | 1.9 |
Emergency physician | 5 | 2.3 |
Medical officer | 44 | 20.7 |
Medical assistant | 50 | 23.5 |
Medical assistant supervisor | 1 | 0.5 |
Staff nurse | 43 | 20.2 |
Sister/matron | 3 | 1.4 |
Community nurse | 13 | 6.1 |
Driver | 13 | 6.1 |
Health attendant | 35 | 16.4 |
Clerk/administrator | 6 | 2.8 |
≤10 | 145 | 68.1 |
>10 | 68 | 39.1 |
Primary | 1 | 5.0 |
Form three | 2 | 9.0 |
Form five | 50 | 23.5 |
Form six | 5 | 2.3 |
Diploma | 97 | 45.5 |
Bachelor's | 51 | 23.9 |
Master's | 7 | 3.3 |
Yes | 193 | 90.6 |
No | 20 | 9.4 |
Yes | 170 | 79.8 |
No | 43 | 20.2 |
≤10 | 103 | 48.4 |
>10 | 110 | 51.6 |
Low | 76 | 35.7 |
High | 137 | 64.3 |
Low | 102 | 47.9 |
High | 111 | 52.1 |
Low | 49 | 23.0 |
High | 164 | 77.0 |
Tertiary hospital | 124 | 58.2 |
Secondary hospital | 89 | 41.8 |