Table 1 Subjects, frequency, how to... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Subjects, frequency, how to conduct, and positive/negative points of the alternative teaching methods

Alternative methods	Subjects and frequency	How to conduct	(+) positive points and (−) negative points
(1) Home visit and homework provision	All subjects Once a week 1-1.5 hours per household	Teachers visit each family, provide homework, and teach 1-3 child(ren) at home	(+) By visiting a household, parents were also involved in teaching and learning (−) Teachers were overburdened because they visit each home and teach children in different grades
(2) Small group face-to-face teaching	All subjects Every day in school like a regular class	Students were divided into small groups (not more than 15 students per class) taught each subject by their class teacher	(+) Students could learn as in the regular class and communicate with their classmates (−) To cover all the groups, each class period was less with more teachers’ burden (−) Limited parents’ involvement
(2) Small group face-to-face teaching	All subjects Every day in the community	Teachers in charge of each subject rotating in a community or one teacher teach all subjects to all grade students (5-20 students/class)	(+) Students and teachers did not have to move to school with less risk of infection (+) Students could learn as in the regular class close to home (+) More parents’ collaboration (−) Each class period was less with more teachers’ burden
(3) Homework provision	All subjects Once a week	All students were asked to come to school, and to pick up and later submit their homework	(+) Teachers’ burdens were less (−) Students had no chance to have detailed lessons (−) No parents’ involvement
(4) Mobile (telephone) virtual class	Mathematics, English, and Science Every day, one hour for each subject	Focus on Grade-9 and -10 students Around 15-20 students in a group	(+) More focussed lessons provided (−) Limited only to households with mobile phones (−) Visual comprehension is not possible
(5) Hybrid classes combining (1) – (4)	All subjects Every day in school like a regular class	The group size is not more than 15 students/class	(+) Positive points of each methods combined (−) Teachers’ burden depending on the combination of methods

Alternative methods	Subjects and frequency	How to conduct	(+) positive points and (−) negative points
(1) Home visit and homework provision	All subjectsOnce a week1-1.5 hours per household	Teachers visit each family, provide homework, and teach 1-3 child(ren) at home	(+) By visiting a household, parents were also involved in teaching and learning(−) Teachers were overburdened because they visit each home and teach children in different grades
(2) Small group face-to-face teaching	All subjectsEvery day in school like a regular class	Students were divided into small groups (not more than 15 students per class) taught each subject by their class teacher	(+) Students could learn as in the regular class and communicate with their classmates(−) To cover all the groups, each class period was less with more teachers’ burden(−) Limited parents’ involvement
(2) Small group face-to-face teaching	All subjectsEvery day in the community	Teachers in charge of each subject rotating in a community or one teacher teach all subjects to all grade students (5-20 students/class)	(+) Students and teachers did not have to move to school with less risk of infection(+) Students could learn as in the regular class close to home(+) More parents’ collaboration(−) Each class period was less with more teachers’ burden
(3) Homework provision	All subjectsOnce a week	All students were asked to come to school, and to pick up and later submit their homework	(+) Teachers’ burdens were less(−) Students had no chance to have detailed lessons(−) No parents’ involvement
(4) Mobile (telephone) virtual class	Mathematics, English, and ScienceEvery day, one hour for each subject	Focus on Grade-9 and -10 studentsAround 15-20 students in a group	(+) More focussed lessons provided(−) Limited only to households with mobile phones(−) Visual comprehension is not possible
(5) Hybrid classes combining (1) – (4)	All subjectsEvery day in school like a regular class	The group size is not more than 15 students/class	(+) Positive points of each methods combined(−) Teachers’ burden depending on the combination of methods

Source(s): Prepared by authors