Table 2 Codes definition Variables... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Codes definition

	Variables	Definition	Source
Adopted I4.0 technologies	Adopted Industry 4.0 technologies	Industrial Internet of Things, Industrial Analytics, Advanced Human–Machine Interface, Cloud Manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing, Advanced Automation (Tortorella and Fettermann, 2018)	Tortorella and Fetterman (2018)
Adopted I4.0 technologies	Industry 4.0 technologies maturity	Monitoring, Control, Optimization, Autonomy	Fettermann et al. (2018)
Drivers for I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 target areas	Processing, Assembly, Logistics and Product development	Slack et al. (2013)
	Industry 4.0 investment drivers	Increasing production capacity, Outdated machinery substitution, Governmental incentives, Improving waste detection, and Enhancing data availability	Within case
	Expected Industry 4.0 performance improvement	Productivity (Parham, 2002), Efficiency (Lee and Johnson, 2013), Quality (Chandrupatla, 2009), Time (Bayo-Moriones and De-Cerio, 2002), Flexibility (Gerwin, 1987)	Within case Slack et al. (2013)
Magnitude of I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 investments pay-back time	Long pay-back time (higher than 3 years), Medium pay-back time (ranging from 2 to 3 years), Short pay-back time (lower than 2 years), Not available	Within case
Magnitude of I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 width of intervention	Localized (small interventions areas) and Extensive (wider interventions areas, e.g. an entire production department or the whole plant)	Within case
People and I4.0	Role and task evolution	Substitution (replacement of operators), Control (control of operations), No major changes, Support (ease activities for operators), Enhancement (operators become in charge of making decisions and performing basic problem-solving activities on data)	Within case. Marengo (2019); Flores et al. (2020)
People and I4.0	Competences evolution	IT skills, Technical skills, Problem-solving, Learning capacity, Responsibility, Teamwork, No major changes	Motyl et al. (2017)

	Variables	Definition	Source
Adopted I4.0 technologies	Adopted Industry 4.0 technologies	Industrial Internet of Things, Industrial Analytics, Advanced Human–Machine Interface, Cloud Manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing, Advanced Automation (Tortorella and Fettermann, 2018)	Tortorella and Fetterman (2018)
Adopted I4.0 technologies	Industry 4.0 technologies maturity	Monitoring, Control, Optimization, Autonomy	Fettermann et al. (2018)
Drivers for I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 target areas	Processing, Assembly, Logistics and Product development	Slack et al. (2013)
	Industry 4.0 investment drivers	Increasing production capacity, Outdated machinery substitution, Governmental incentives, Improving waste detection, and Enhancing data availability	Within case
	Expected Industry 4.0 performance improvement	Productivity (Parham, 2002), Efficiency (Lee and Johnson, 2013), Quality (Chandrupatla, 2009), Time (Bayo-Moriones and De-Cerio, 2002), Flexibility (Gerwin, 1987)	Within caseSlack et al. (2013)
Magnitude of I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 investments pay-back time	Long pay-back time (higher than 3 years), Medium pay-back time (ranging from 2 to 3 years), Short pay-back time (lower than 2 years), Not available	Within case
Magnitude of I4.0 investments	Industry 4.0 width of intervention	Localized (small interventions areas) and Extensive (wider interventions areas, e.g. an entire production department or the whole plant)	Within case
People and I4.0	Role and task evolution	Substitution (replacement of operators), Control (control of operations), No major changes, Support (ease activities for operators), Enhancement (operators become in charge of making decisions and performing basic problem-solving activities on data)	Within case. Marengo (2019); Flores et al. (2020)
People and I4.0	Competences evolution	IT skills, Technical skills, Problem-solving, Learning capacity, Responsibility, Teamwork, No major changes	Motyl et al. (2017)