Data sources
| Variable | Source | URL |
|---|---|---|
| GDPgrowth | World Bank | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG |
| Robots | IFR | https://ifr.org/worldrobotics/ |
| GerdOD | Eurostat | http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=rd_e_gerdtot&lang=en |
| LabCostOD | Eurostat | http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=tableandinit=1&language=en&pcode=tps00173&plugin=1 |
| GDPpppOD | World Bank | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ny.gdp.pcap.pp.cd |
| OreOD | World Bank | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/TX.VAL.MMTL.ZS.UN |
| MO | World Bank | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN |
| MD | World Bank | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN |
| Variable | Source | URL |
|---|---|---|
| GDPgrowth | World Bank | |
| Robots | IFR | |
| GerdOD | Eurostat | |
| LabCostOD | Eurostat | |
| GDPpppOD | World Bank | |
| OreOD | World Bank | |
| World Bank | ||
| World Bank |
Note(s): The values of the variables included in the gravity model are referred to the central year of each period: 2004 for the first, 2008 for the second and 2014 for the third