Table V Description of salient...

Table V

Description of salient decisions, equivocality, analyzability and decision making in Project A

Decisions	Information	Equivocality	Analyzability	Decision making
Products
Producing a limited number of products	Financial indicators, demand, product characteristics and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for grouping products	Product functionality, physical dimensions and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive
Selecting one group of products including three product families	Quantitative analysis, financial indicators, forecasted demand and experience	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Production process
Prioritizing the reduction of variation in production process	Experience, discussions and mental simulations	HE	LA	Intuitive
Defining modular assembly concept across product families	Product demand, bills of materials and processes, and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for modular assembly	Product demand, bills of materials and processes and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive
Identifying 16 vehicle modules for three product families	Product demand, bills of materials and processes, and experience	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Analyzing fit between current product design and vehicle modules	Bills of processes and materials, experience, and simulation	LE	HA	Normative
Specifying vehicle modules for each product family	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Proposing a common assembly sequence for multi-product production system	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Analyzing differences between existing and common assembly sequence	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Specifying common assembly sequence	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Identifying problems and improving production process	Bills of processes and materials, experience, simulation, prototyping, line balancing and production databases	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Layout
Setting objective of reducing assembly area	Experience, discussions, mental simulations and managerial reports	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Identifying needs of multi-product production system	Experience, discussions, mental simulations and prior activities	HE	LA	Intuitive
Evaluating current layout in relation to future needs	Dimensions, production process, material flow, simulation and forecasted demand	LE	HA	Normative
Selecting one layout based on five alternatives	Dimensions, production process, material flow, forecasted demand and simulation	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Tools and technology
Setting objectives for standardizing tools for production process	Experience, discussions and prior activities	HE	LA	Intuitive
Mapping current equipment and tools	Bills of processes, work instructions, experience and site visits	LE	HA	Normative
Specifying tools and equipment for multi-product production system	Bills of processes, work instructions, experience and prior activities	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Logistics
Identifying logistics needs for multi-product production system	Experience, discussions and mental simulations	E	LA	Intuitive
Specifying logistics requirements for multi-product production system	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing and on-site analysis	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Evaluating current logistics capabilities in relation to future needs	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing and on-site analysis	LE	HA	Normative
Proposing logistics solutions for multi-product production system	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing, on-site analysis and prototyping logistics solution	E	HA	Intuitive and normative
Organization
Agreeing on need for improving competence of operative staff	Experience, discussions and expert input	LE	HA	Intuitive
Determining critical issues for improving staff competence	Experience, discussions, expert input, prior activities, forecasted demand, line balancing, time studies and material flow	LE	HA	Intuitive
Specifying policies for staffing, organizational strategies and training	Experience, discussions, expert input, prior activities, forecasted demand, line balancing, time studies, material flow and simulation	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Performance indicators
Agreeing on performance indicators for multi-product production system	Experience, discussions, expert input and operational reports	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for performance indicators	Experience, discussions, expert input and operational reports	LE	LA	Intuitive
Comparing current production system to a multi-product system	Prior activities, forecasted demand, material flow, simulation and expert and management input	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Determining advantages and trade-offs of multi-product production system	Prior activities, forecasted demand, material flow, simulation and expert and management input	E	HA	Intuitive and normative

Decisions	Information	Equivocality	Analyzability	Decision making
Products
Producing a limited number of products	Financial indicators, demand, product characteristics and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for grouping products	Product functionality, physical dimensions and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive
Selecting one group of products including three product families	Quantitative analysis, financial indicators, forecasted demand and experience	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Production process
Prioritizing the reduction of variation in production process	Experience, discussions and mental simulations	HE	LA	Intuitive
Defining modular assembly concept across product families	Product demand, bills of materials and processes, and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for modular assembly	Product demand, bills of materials and processes and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive
Identifying 16 vehicle modules for three product families	Product demand, bills of materials and processes, and experience	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Analyzing fit between current product design and vehicle modules	Bills of processes and materials, experience, and simulation	LE	HA	Normative
Specifying vehicle modules for each product family	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Proposing a common assembly sequence for multi-product production system	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	HE	LA	Intuitive
Analyzing differences between existing and common assembly sequence	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Specifying common assembly sequence	Bills of processes and materials, and experience	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Identifying problems and improving production process	Bills of processes and materials, experience, simulation, prototyping, line balancing and production databases	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Layout
Setting objective of reducing assembly area	Experience, discussions, mental simulations and managerial reports	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Identifying needs of multi-product production system	Experience, discussions, mental simulations and prior activities	HE	LA	Intuitive
Evaluating current layout in relation to future needs	Dimensions, production process, material flow, simulation and forecasted demand	LE	HA	Normative
Selecting one layout based on five alternatives	Dimensions, production process, material flow, forecasted demand and simulation	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Tools and technology
Setting objectives for standardizing tools for production process	Experience, discussions and prior activities	HE	LA	Intuitive
Mapping current equipment and tools	Bills of processes, work instructions, experience and site visits	LE	HA	Normative
Specifying tools and equipment for multi-product production system	Bills of processes, work instructions, experience and prior activities	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Logistics
Identifying logistics needs for multi-product production system	Experience, discussions and mental simulations	E	LA	Intuitive
Specifying logistics requirements for multi-product production system	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing and on-site analysis	LE	LA	Intuitive and normative
Evaluating current logistics capabilities in relation to future needs	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing and on-site analysis	LE	HA	Normative
Proposing logistics solutions for multi-product production system	Forecasted demand, assembly sequence, parts, routes, warehousing, on-site analysis and prototyping logistics solution	E	HA	Intuitive and normative
Organization
Agreeing on need for improving competence of operative staff	Experience, discussions and expert input	LE	HA	Intuitive
Determining critical issues for improving staff competence	Experience, discussions, expert input, prior activities, forecasted demand, line balancing, time studies and material flow	LE	HA	Intuitive
Specifying policies for staffing, organizational strategies and training	Experience, discussions, expert input, prior activities, forecasted demand, line balancing, time studies, material flow and simulation	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Performance indicators
Agreeing on performance indicators for multi-product production system	Experience, discussions, expert input and operational reports	HE	LA	Intuitive
Establishing rules and procedures for performance indicators	Experience, discussions, expert input and operational reports	LE	LA	Intuitive
Comparing current production system to a multi-product system	Prior activities, forecasted demand, material flow, simulation and expert and management input	LE	HA	Intuitive and normative
Determining advantages and trade-offs of multi-product production system	Prior activities, forecasted demand, material flow, simulation and expert and management input	E	HA	Intuitive and normative

Notes: Equivocality (HE, high equivocality; E, equivocality; LE, low equivocality), Analyzability (HA, high analyzability; LA -, low analyzability)

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