| ↑ – WAAM production capability promotes the increase the GSCM performance sub-criteria | N/A – not applicable |
| ↓ – WAAM production capability promotes the decrease the GSCM performance sub-criteria |
| ↑ – WAAM production capability promotes the | N/A – not applicable |
| Economic/financial | Operational | Logistics | Marketing | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WAAM capability | GSCM performance sub-criteria | |||||||||
| Cost | Quality | Efficiency | Green manufacturing | Green/Eco design | Green logistics | Reverse logistics | Green purchasing | Customer satisfaction | Cooperation/Collaboration with customers | |
| Cost reduction | ||||||||||
| Improved material usage | ||||||||||
| Freedom of design | ||||||||||
| Ability to build lightweight products | ||||||||||
| Ability to optimise products for its function and integrate more functionality into an object | ||||||||||
| Reduction and simplification of manufacturing steps | ||||||||||
| Elimination of pre-assembly activities | ||||||||||
| Reduced need for transportation services | ||||||||||
| Facilitated separation between product design and manufacturing tasks | ||||||||||
| Production closer to the customer | ||||||||||
| Customised production | ||||||||||
| Faster reaction to changing customer needs | ||||||||||
| Higher customer service level | ||||||||||
| Economic/financial | Operational | Logistics | Marketing | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WAAM capability | GSCM performance sub-criteria | |||||||||
| Cost | Quality | Efficiency | Green manufacturing | Green/Eco design | Green logistics | Reverse logistics | Green purchasing | Customer satisfaction | Cooperation/Collaboration with customers | |
| Cost reduction | ||||||||||
| Improved material usage | ||||||||||
| Freedom of design | ||||||||||
| Ability to build lightweight products | ||||||||||
| Ability to optimise products for its function and integrate more functionality into an object | ||||||||||
| Reduction and simplification of manufacturing steps | ||||||||||
| Elimination of pre-assembly activities | ||||||||||
| Reduced need for transportation services | ||||||||||
| Facilitated separation between product design and manufacturing tasks | ||||||||||
| Production closer to the customer | ||||||||||
| Customised production | ||||||||||
| Faster reaction to changing customer needs | ||||||||||
| Higher customer service level | ||||||||||
| GSCM perf. Sub-criteria | Examples of measures | GSCM perf. Sub-criteria | Examples of measures |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | Costs (procurement; transportation cost; manufacturing cost; cost of raw materials | Green logistics | Average load on laden trip (weight/volume); on time delivery; mode of transport; just in time for logistics |
| Quality | Customer rejection rate; continuous improvement system; scrap rate; rework rate | Reverse logistics | Remanufacturing of materials; design for reverse logistics; reusing and recycling of materials |
| Efficiency | Operation expense, capacity utilisation; energy efficiency; overhead expense | Green purchasing | Supplier support; providing design specifications for green purchasing |
| Green Manufacturing | Redefine operation/production processes; use of recyclable/recycled materials; structure for easy disassembly; reduction in operations steps; structure for easy assembly | Customer satisfaction | Service response rate; customer returns; number of customers retained |
| Green/Eco Design | Reused and recycled materials in new designs; longer service/product life; design for remanufacturing; cooperation with customers/suppliers for eco-design | Cooperation/Colla-boration with Customers | Sharing common goals with customers; cooperation with customers to decrease environmental impact of operations |
| GSCM perf. Sub-criteria | Examples of measures | GSCM perf. Sub-criteria | Examples of measures |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | Costs (procurement; transportation cost; manufacturing cost; cost of raw materials | Green logistics | Average load on laden trip (weight/volume); on time delivery; mode of transport; just in time for logistics |
| Quality | Customer rejection rate; continuous improvement system; scrap rate; rework rate | Reverse logistics | Remanufacturing of materials; design for reverse logistics; reusing and recycling of materials |
| Efficiency | Operation expense, capacity utilisation; energy efficiency; overhead expense | Green purchasing | Supplier support; providing design specifications for green purchasing |
| Green Manufacturing | Redefine operation/production processes; use of recyclable/recycled materials; structure for easy disassembly; reduction in operations steps; structure for easy assembly | Customer satisfaction | Service response rate; customer returns; number of customers retained |
| Green/Eco Design | Reused and recycled materials in new designs; longer service/product life; design for remanufacturing; cooperation with customers/suppliers for eco-design | Cooperation/Colla-boration with Customers | Sharing common goals with customers; cooperation with customers to decrease environmental impact of operations |
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