Survey items and primary factors
| Construct | Variable | Code | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Technology uncertainty (TU) | Our industry is characterized by rapidly changing technology | TU1 | Chen and Paulraj (2004) |
| If we do not keep up with changes in technology, it will be difficult for us to remain competitive | TU2 | ||
| The rate of process obsolescence is high in our industry | TU3 | ||
| The production technology changes frequently and sufficiently | TU4 | ||
| Lean supply chain management (LSCM) | Value stream mapping is used to identify and eliminate waste throughout our supply chain | LSCM1 | Moyano-Fuentes et al. (2019) |
| Our supply chain uses lean manufacturing techniques (such as pull flow, Kanban systems and setup time reduction) | LSCM2 | ||
| Our supply chain generates high stock turnover and minimizes inventory | LSCM3 | ||
| Process and product standardization is a common practice in our supply chain | LSCM4 | ||
| Our supply chain delivers in small lot sizes | LSCM5 | ||
| Our supply chain does long-term forecasting of customer demands and only focuses on the current market segments | LSCM6 | ||
| In our supply chain, the strategy for handling uncertainty consists of using queues and buffers to protect sub-processes | LSCM7 | ||
| Our supply chain structure seldom changes | LSCM8 | ||
| Operational performance (OP) | Cycle time (from raw materials to delivery) | OP1 | Bortolotti et al. (2015), Danese et al. (2012) |
| Quality conformance | OP2 | ||
| On-time delivery | OP3 | ||
| Volume flexibility | OP4 |
| Construct | Variable | Code | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Technology uncertainty (TU) | Our industry is characterized by rapidly changing technology | TU1 | |
| If we do not keep up with changes in technology, it will be difficult for us to remain competitive | TU2 | ||
| The rate of process obsolescence is high in our industry | TU3 | ||
| The production technology changes frequently and sufficiently | TU4 | ||
| Lean supply chain management (LSCM) | Value stream mapping is used to identify and eliminate waste throughout our supply chain | LSCM1 | |
| Our supply chain uses lean manufacturing techniques (such as pull flow, Kanban systems and setup time reduction) | LSCM2 | ||
| Our supply chain generates high stock turnover and minimizes inventory | LSCM3 | ||
| Process and product standardization is a common practice in our supply chain | LSCM4 | ||
| Our supply chain delivers in small lot sizes | LSCM5 | ||
| Our supply chain does long-term forecasting of customer demands and only focuses on the current market segments | LSCM6 | ||
| In our supply chain, the strategy for handling uncertainty consists of using queues and buffers to protect sub-processes | LSCM7 | ||
| Our supply chain structure seldom changes | LSCM8 | ||
| Operational performance (OP) | Cycle time (from raw materials to delivery) | OP1 | |
| Quality conformance | OP2 | ||
| On-time delivery | OP3 | ||
| Volume flexibility | OP4 |
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