Table 3 Evolution in the use of lean... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Evolution in the use of lean tools

“Shah and ward” model		2012 (169)	2015 (100)	2018 (85)	Use significance
Group	Lean tools	Use	Use	Use	Use significance
Pull	Kanban	24%	30%	37%	0.11
Flow	VSM	18%	62%	61%	0.001*
	Specific lines	38%	59%	67%	0.001*
	Visual control	51%	77%	82%	0.001*
Setup	SMED	31%	41%	48%	0.02*
Setup	5S	48%	67%	68%	0.001*
TPM	TPM	59%	74%	67%	0.03*
TPM	Standardised work	80%	86%	67%	0.007*
SPC	Six sigma	13%	22%	13%	0.13
EMPINV	Continuous improvement	50%	46%	57%	0.3
EMPINV	Task integration	56%	58%	65%	0.34

“Shah and ward” model		2012 (169)	2015 (100)	2018 (85)	Use significance
Group	Lean tools	Use	Use	Use	Use significance
Pull	Kanban	24%	30%	37%	0.11
Flow	VSM	18%	62%	61%	0.001*
	Specific lines	38%	59%	67%	0.001*
	Visual control	51%	77%	82%	0.001*
Setup	SMED	31%	41%	48%	0.02*
Setup	5S	48%	67%	68%	0.001*
TPM	TPM	59%	74%	67%	0.03*
TPM	Standardised work	80%	86%	67%	0.007*
SPC	Six sigma	13%	22%	13%	0.13
EMPINV	Continuous improvement	50%	46%	57%	0.3
EMPINV	Task integration	56%	58%	65%	0.34

Note(s): *Statistical significance

Source(s): Authors work