Comparison of the co-creation of services terminology
| Prerequisite of the co-creation of services | Specific forms of the co-creation of services | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co-creation | Involvement | Engagement | Participation | Co-design | Co-production | Co-consumption | |
| Customer–provider emphasisa | High | High | High | High | Medium | High | – |
| Multi-actor emphasisa | Low | – | Medium | – | High | – | – |
| Emphasis on resource integrationa | Low | – | – | – | – | Low | – |
| Emphasis on joint creationa | High | High | High | Medium | High | Medium | High |
| Emphasis on customer creationa | Low | Low | Medium | Medium | – | Low | High |
| Entire service processa | Low | Medium | – | Low | Medium | Low | – |
| Phases of the service processa | Medium | Medium | – | High | High | High | High |
| Beneficial outcomes for the customerb | High on personal, social, economic and pragmatic dimensions Low on cognitive dimension | Low on hedonic and pragmatic dimensions | High on social dimension Low on personal dimension | Low on personal, social, hedonic and pragmatic dimensions | – | Low on personal and pragmatic dimensions | – |
| Beneficial outcomes for the providerb | High on cognitive, economic and pragmatic dimensions Low on personal and social dimensions | High on cognitive, economic and pragmatic dimensions | Low on hedonic dimension | Low on personal, economic and pragmatic dimensions | – | Low on cognitive and economic dimensions | – |
| Counterproductive outcomes for the customerb | Low on pragmatic dimension | – | Low on social dimension | High on pragmatic dimension | – | – | – |
| Counterproductive outcomes for the providerb | Low on economic dimension | Low on economic and pragmatic dimensions | – | High on social dimension Low on personal and economic dimensions | – | – | – |
| Prerequisite of the co-creation of services | Specific forms of the co-creation of services | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co-creation | Involvement | Engagement | Participation | Co-design | Co-production | Co-consumption | |
| Customer–provider emphasisa | High | High | High | High | Medium | High | – |
| Multi-actor emphasisa | Low | – | Medium | – | High | – | – |
| Emphasis on resource integrationa | Low | – | – | – | – | Low | – |
| Emphasis on joint creationa | High | High | High | Medium | High | Medium | High |
| Emphasis on customer creationa | Low | Low | Medium | Medium | – | Low | High |
| Entire service processa | Low | Medium | – | Low | Medium | Low | – |
| Phases of the service processa | Medium | Medium | – | High | High | High | High |
| Beneficial outcomes for the customerb | High on personal, social, economic and pragmatic dimensions | Low on hedonic and pragmatic dimensions | High on social dimension | Low on personal, social, hedonic and pragmatic dimensions | – | Low on personal and pragmatic dimensions | – |
| Beneficial outcomes for the providerb | High on cognitive, economic and pragmatic dimensions | High on cognitive, economic and pragmatic dimensions | Low on hedonic dimension | Low on personal, economic and pragmatic dimensions | – | Low on cognitive and economic dimensions | – |
| Counterproductive outcomes for the customerb | Low on pragmatic dimension | – | Low on social dimension | High on pragmatic dimension | – | – | – |
| Counterproductive outcomes for the providerb | Low on economic dimension | Low on economic and pragmatic dimensions | – | High on social dimension | – | – | – |
Notes: aLow emphasis=1-32 percent, medium emphasis=33-65 percent, high emphasis=66-100 percent; blow occurrence=1-2 outcomes, high occurrence=3-4 outcomes
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