Parametric estimations
| Exponential | Weibull | Gompertz | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Internet users (% pop.) | −0.055*** (0.008) | −0.072*** (0.015) | −0.075*** (0.015) | |||||||||
| Electronic services imported (% Bal. Payments) | −0.098*** (0.036) | −0.117*** (0.041) | −0.118*** (0.043) | |||||||||
| Secure Internet servers per 1 million people | −9e−5*** (e−5) | −e−4*** (3e−5) | −2e−4*** (7e−5) | |||||||||
| Electronic services exported (% Bal. payments) | −0.043 (0.037) | −0.051 (0.045) | −0.049 (0.041) | |||||||||
| Socio-economic controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Political-electoral controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Country (dummies) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| N | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 |
| Log pseudo-likelihood | −122.95 | −141.79 | −43.48 | −145.75 | −116.86 | −139.25 | −22.76 | −143.56 | −118.09 | −140.6 | −15.44 | −144.81 |
| Weibull param (p) | 1.458*** (0.175) | 1.258*** (0.118) | 3.601*** (1.268) | 1.197*** (0.112) | ||||||||
| Gamma param | 0.017*** (0.005) | 0.015*** (0.009) | 0.252*** (0.083) | 0.008 (0.008) | ||||||||
| Exponential | Weibull | Gompertz | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Internet users (% pop.) | −0.055*** (0.008) | −0.072*** (0.015) | −0.075*** (0.015) | |||||||||
| Electronic services imported (% Bal. Payments) | −0.098*** (0.036) | −0.117*** (0.041) | −0.118*** (0.043) | |||||||||
| Secure Internet servers per 1 million people | −9e−5*** (e−5) | −e−4*** (3e−5) | −2e−4*** (7e−5) | |||||||||
| Electronic services exported (% Bal. payments) | −0.043 (0.037) | −0.051 (0.045) | −0.049 (0.041) | |||||||||
| Socio-economic controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Political-electoral controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Country (dummies) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | 216 | |
| Log pseudo-likelihood | −122.95 | −141.79 | −43.48 | −145.75 | −116.86 | −139.25 | −22.76 | −143.56 | −118.09 | −140.6 | −15.44 | −144.81 |
| Weibull param (p) | 1.458*** (0.175) | 1.258*** (0.118) | 3.601*** (1.268) | 1.197*** (0.112) | ||||||||
| Gamma param | 0.017*** (0.005) | 0.015*** (0.009) | 0.252*** (0.083) | 0.008 (0.008) | ||||||||
Note(s): ***: Significance level, 1%; **: Significance level, 5%