Table 1

Descriptive statistics of key variables (N = 122): GPA, verbatim memory performance, self-efficacy, and self-reported memorization and recitation practice (as measured by the personal history questionnaire)

VariableMean (standard error of the mean)
GPA (0–4)3.167 (0.050)
Word memory (%)53.560 (1.160)
Verse memory (%)84.416 (2.214)
GSE (1–5)3.860 (0.068)
RM (0–5)3.478 (0.075)
Median
DMR (0–9)A week
Frequency distribution
NCQ (0–3)None18.033%
Less than a chapter20.492%
A chapter22.131%
More than a chapter39.344%
FCQ (0–3)Never16.393%
Yearly or monthly26.230%
Weekly19.672%
Daily37.705%

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