Table 2 Survey components Survey... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Survey components

Survey components			Reference
Internal	Port facilities	Berth length and the number of berths, shed and terminal area, possession of adequate equipment (G/C, T/C, S/C, etc.), maximum berth size	Murphy et al. (1991, 1992) Tai and Hwang (2005) Wiegmans et al. (2008) Onwuegbuchunam (2013) Kavirathna et al. (2018)
	Port tariff	Ship and cargo arrival/departure costs, loading-unloading/transfer/storage costs, inland transport costs, incentives and discount system	Slack (1985) Murphy et al. (1988) Cullinane and Toy (2000) Nir et al. (2003) Lirn et al. (2003, 2004) Wiegmans et al. (2008)
	Port service	Ship and cargo safety, speed and flexibility of cargo handling, berthing schedule and reliability of cargo handling, subsidiary services such as water, oil and supplies for ships	Slack (1985) Murphy et al. (1988) Cullinane and Toy (2000) Onwuegbuchunam (2013) Zarei (2015)
	Ship arrival/departure	Ship arrival/departure frequency and route diversity, time in port and waiting time of ships, ship arrival/departure information system (VTS, etc.)	Tai and Hwang (2005) Onwuegbuchunam (2013) Mittal and McClung (2016)
External	Geopolitical location	Voyage and marine transport distance, location on the main line, port and route accessibility, the distance and accessibility to the place with main cargo	Tiwari et al. (2003) Lirn et al. (2004) Kim et al. (2005) Malchow and Kanafani (2001, 2004) Yeo et al. (2014)
	The scale of the hinterland economy	Handled and generated cargo volume, economic scale of hinterland city, port hinterland and FTZ (Free Trade Zones) size, utilization level and trade size among nations	Tai and Hwang (2005) Kim et al. (2005) De Langen (2007)
	Social conditions	Port labor and labor management safety, political safety, change in port and social environment	Kim et al. (2005) Wiegmans et al. (2008) Zarei (2015) Vega et al. (2019)
	Hinterland connection	Connectivity to the inland transport network, connectivity to hinterland city, diversity of transport modes (road, railway, canal, aviation, etc.)	Wiegmans et al. (2008) Yeo et al. (2014) Wang and Yeo (2019)

Survey components			Reference
Internal	Port facilities	Berth length and the number of berths, shed and terminal area, possession of adequate equipment (G/C, T/C, S/C, etc.), maximum berth size	Murphy et al. (1991, 1992)Tai and Hwang (2005)Wiegmans et al. (2008)Onwuegbuchunam (2013)Kavirathna et al. (2018)
	Port tariff	Ship and cargo arrival/departure costs, loading-unloading/transfer/storage costs, inland transport costs, incentives and discount system	Slack (1985)Murphy et al. (1988)Cullinane and Toy (2000)Nir et al. (2003)Lirn et al. (2003, 2004)Wiegmans et al. (2008)
	Port service	Ship and cargo safety, speed and flexibility of cargo handling, berthing schedule and reliability of cargo handling, subsidiary services such as water, oil and supplies for ships	Slack (1985)Murphy et al. (1988)Cullinane and Toy (2000)Onwuegbuchunam (2013)Zarei (2015)
	Ship arrival/departure	Ship arrival/departure frequency and route diversity, time in port and waiting time of ships, ship arrival/departure information system (VTS, etc.)	Tai and Hwang (2005)Onwuegbuchunam (2013)Mittal and McClung (2016)
External	Geopolitical location	Voyage and marine transport distance, location on the main line, port and route accessibility, the distance and accessibility to the place with main cargo	Tiwari et al. (2003)Lirn et al. (2004)Kim et al. (2005)Malchow and Kanafani (2001, 2004)Yeo et al. (2014)
	The scale of the hinterland economy	Handled and generated cargo volume, economic scale of hinterland city, port hinterland and FTZ (Free Trade Zones) size, utilization level and trade size among nations	Tai and Hwang (2005)Kim et al. (2005)De Langen (2007)
	Social conditions	Port labor and labor management safety, political safety, change in port and social environment	Kim et al. (2005)Wiegmans et al. (2008)Zarei (2015)Vega et al. (2019)
	Hinterland connection	Connectivity to the inland transport network, connectivity to hinterland city, diversity of transport modes (road, railway, canal, aviation, etc.)	Wiegmans et al. (2008)Yeo et al. (2014)Wang and Yeo (2019)

Source(s): Authors' own work based on literature review