Table 10

t-test results of each ship's arrival/departure component

Ship arrival/departure componentNo. of samplesMeanStandard deviationt-valuep> ǀtǀAcceptance
Ship arrival/departure frequency and route diversityPrevious studies1213.8760.7813.5870.000o
This study1334.2030.672
Time in port and waiting time of shipsPrevious studies1214.3920.6100.2750.783x
This study1334.4140.653
Ship arrival/departure information system (VTS, etc.)Previous studies1213.7110.7474.0940.000o
This study1334.0830.697

Source(s): Authors' own work based on survey results

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