Sample composition and measures by country
| Country | Germany | Spain | France | United Kingdom | Italy | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Number of subsidiary firms-year of French, German, Italian, Spanish, United Kingdom parent firms that are located in the following countries | ||||||
| Austria | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Belgium | 69 | 27 | 203 | 49 | 26 | 374 |
| Germany | 0 | 24 | 87 | 23 | 60 | 194 |
| Spain | 97 | 0 | 189 | 35 | 179 | 500 |
| Finland | 15 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 24 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| United Kingdom | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Greece | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Italy | 34 | 26 | 52 | 16 | 0 | 128 |
| Lithuania | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Malta | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Netherland | 3 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 19 |
| Poland | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| Portugal | 37 | 232 | 103 | 18 | 38 | 428 |
| Sweden | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Total | 264 | 309 | 659 | 146 | 312 | 1,690 |
| Country | Germany | Spain | France | United Kingdom | Italy | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Belgium | 69 | 27 | 203 | 49 | 26 | 374 |
| Germany | 0 | 24 | 87 | 23 | 60 | 194 |
| Spain | 97 | 0 | 189 | 35 | 179 | 500 |
| Finland | 15 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 24 |
| France | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| United Kingdom | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Greece | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Italy | 34 | 26 | 52 | 16 | 0 | 128 |
| Lithuania | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Malta | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Netherland | 3 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 19 |
| Poland | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 |
| Portugal | 37 | 232 | 103 | 18 | 38 | 428 |
| Sweden | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Total | 264 | 309 | 659 | 146 | 312 | 1,690 |
| Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel B: Sample composition of protection of minorities by country-year (scale 1–7) | ||||||
| AUT | 5.085 | 4.994 | 4.788 | 4.948 | ||
| BEL | 4.901 | 5.000 | 4.933 | 4.788 | 4.929 | 5.049 |
| DEU | 5.230 | 4.843 | 4.936 | 4.794 | 4.678 | 4.714 |
| ESP | 4.148 | 4.300 | 4.213 | 3.981 | 3.745 | 3.718 |
| FIN | 6.209 | 6.173 | 6.065 | |||
| FRA | 4.661 | 4.773 | 4.358 | |||
| GBR | 5.210 | 5.203 | 5.270 | |||
| GRC | 4.084 | |||||
| ITA | 3.388 | 3.526 | 3.255 | 3.262 | 3.476 | |
| LTU | 3.872 | |||||
| MLT | 5.158 | |||||
| NLD | 5.112 | 5.185 | 5.359 | 5.356 | 5.409 | 5.332 |
| POL | 3.869 | 4.000 | 4.147 | |||
| PRT | 4.547 | 4.477 | 4.313 | 4.240 | 4.448 | 4.083 |
| SWE | 5.954 | 5.622 | 5.488 | 5.427 | ||
| Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUT | 5.085 | 4.994 | 4.788 | 4.948 | ||
| BEL | 4.901 | 5.000 | 4.933 | 4.788 | 4.929 | 5.049 |
| DEU | 5.230 | 4.843 | 4.936 | 4.794 | 4.678 | 4.714 |
| ESP | 4.148 | 4.300 | 4.213 | 3.981 | 3.745 | 3.718 |
| FIN | 6.209 | 6.173 | 6.065 | |||
| FRA | 4.661 | 4.773 | 4.358 | |||
| GBR | 5.210 | 5.203 | 5.270 | |||
| GRC | 4.084 | |||||
| ITA | 3.388 | 3.526 | 3.255 | 3.262 | 3.476 | |
| LTU | 3.872 | |||||
| MLT | 5.158 | |||||
| NLD | 5.112 | 5.185 | 5.359 | 5.356 | 5.409 | 5.332 |
| POL | 3.869 | 4.000 | 4.147 | |||
| PRT | 4.547 | 4.477 | 4.313 | 4.240 | 4.448 | 4.083 |
| SWE | 5.954 | 5.622 | 5.488 | 5.427 | ||
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