Innovation indicators
| Symbol | Description | Definition | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| E | Efficiency | Normalized number of patents | Scientific literature |
| M | Time | Number of months between the publication date of the youngest and the oldest patent of the family | Machine learning results |
| D | Diversification | Number of IPC classes (4 digit) | |
| Q | Quality | Number of backward citations | |
| I | Internationalization | Number of extensions |
| Symbol | Description | Definition | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| E | Efficiency | Normalized number of patents | Scientific literature |
| M | Time | Number of months between the publication date of the youngest and the oldest patent of the family | Machine learning results |
| D | Diversification | Number of IPC classes (4 digit) | |
| Q | Quality | Number of backward citations | |
| I | Internationalization | Number of extensions |