Table 1 Means, standard deviations,...

Table 1

Means, standard deviations, internal consistency reliabilities and correlations for study variables

Variable(s)	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
1. Shared leadership	60.54	4.12	(0.84)
2. Decision comprehensiveness	20.13	2.34	0.22*	(0.81)
3. Decision quality	15.01	1.56	0.29	0.26**	(0.79)
4. Self-leadership	110.30	15.12	−0.28	0.15*	−0.10	(0.80)
5. Debate	12.13	1.89	0.13	0.06	0.07	0.05	(0.75)
6. Team size	4.46	0.64	0.15*	0.21*	0.17*	−0.21	0.19*	(0.71)
7. Functional background^a	5.20	1.08	0.12	0.15	0.08	0.07	0.13	0.11	(0.74)
8. Team turnover	2.25	0.97	0.08	−0.13	−0.17	0.23	−0.15	0.23*	0.11	(0.73)
9. Goal uncertainty	1.54	0.76	0.07	0.06	−0.10	−0.05	0.04	0.07	0.08	0.07	(0.86)
10. Task interdependence	1.76	0.99	0.21*	0.17*	0.24	0.14	−0.15	0.21	0.11	0.03	0.06	(0.91)
11. Gender diversity^b	0.98	0.23	0.15*	0.21*	0.17*	0.07	0.22*	0.08	0.08	0.06	0.03	0.04	(0.90)
12. Educational background^a	3.43	0.78	0.12*	0.18	0.09	−0.18	0.21*	0.05	0.04	0.01	0.09	0.11	0.12	(0.77)
13. Managerial performances	4.22	1.07	0.10	0.23*	0.39**	0.17*	0.23*	0.18	0.17	0.19	0.08	0.07	0.05	0.24*	(0.83)
14. Environmental volatility	5.12	1.23	0.07	0.02	0.34	0.09	0.10	0.14	0.03	0.12	0.15*	0.12	0.06	0.04	0.08	(0.81)
15. Affective conflict	8.76	1.97	0.21	0.12	0.07	0.12	0.22*	0.15*	0.13*	0.12	0.11	0.24	0.23	0.06	0.34	0.21	(0.90)
16. Cognitive conflict	8.11	1.86	0.15	0.11	0.26	0.29	0.20*	0.17*	0.12*	0.08	0.24	0.35	0.16	0.05	0.17	0.15	0.38*	(0.77)
17. Environmental munificence	7.54	1.54	0.14	0.15	0.21	0.15	−0.27*	0.14	0.07	0.07	0.21	0.20	0.13	0.15	0.31	0.21	0.08	0.07	(0.79)

Variable(s)	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
1. Shared leadership	60.54	4.12	(0.84)
2. Decision comprehensiveness	20.13	2.34	0.22*	(0.81)
3. Decision quality	15.01	1.56	0.29	0.26**	(0.79)
4. Self-leadership	110.30	15.12	−0.28	0.15*	−0.10	(0.80)
5. Debate	12.13	1.89	0.13	0.06	0.07	0.05	(0.75)
6. Team size	4.46	0.64	0.15*	0.21*	0.17*	−0.21	0.19*	(0.71)
7. Functional background^a	5.20	1.08	0.12	0.15	0.08	0.07	0.13	0.11	(0.74)
8. Team turnover	2.25	0.97	0.08	−0.13	−0.17	0.23	−0.15	0.23*	0.11	(0.73)
9. Goal uncertainty	1.54	0.76	0.07	0.06	−0.10	−0.05	0.04	0.07	0.08	0.07	(0.86)
10. Task interdependence	1.76	0.99	0.21*	0.17*	0.24	0.14	−0.15	0.21	0.11	0.03	0.06	(0.91)
11. Gender diversity^b	0.98	0.23	0.15*	0.21*	0.17*	0.07	0.22*	0.08	0.08	0.06	0.03	0.04	(0.90)
12. Educational background^a	3.43	0.78	0.12*	0.18	0.09	−0.18	0.21*	0.05	0.04	0.01	0.09	0.11	0.12	(0.77)
13. Managerial performances	4.22	1.07	0.10	0.23*	0.39**	0.17*	0.23*	0.18	0.17	0.19	0.08	0.07	0.05	0.24*	(0.83)
14. Environmental volatility	5.12	1.23	0.07	0.02	0.34	0.09	0.10	0.14	0.03	0.12	0.15*	0.12	0.06	0.04	0.08	(0.81)
15. Affective conflict	8.76	1.97	0.21	0.12	0.07	0.12	0.22*	0.15*	0.13*	0.12	0.11	0.24	0.23	0.06	0.34	0.21	(0.90)
16. Cognitive conflict	8.11	1.86	0.15	0.11	0.26	0.29	0.20*	0.17*	0.12*	0.08	0.24	0.35	0.16	0.05	0.17	0.15	0.38*	(0.77)
17. Environmental munificence	7.54	1.54	0.14	0.15	0.21	0.15	−0.27*	0.14	0.07	0.07	0.21	0.20	0.13	0.15	0.31	0.21	0.08	0.07	(0.79)

Note(s): Team members = 506; R&D Managers N = 112. Reliability estimates (coefficient alpha) are on the diagonal

a Functional and educational background were coded by using a 7-item scale (1 = “Finance”; 2 = “Corporate strategy”; 3 = “Accounting”; 4 = “Marketing”; 5 = “Operations”; 6 = “Business Administration”; 7 = “Other”). This categorization is an adaptation, for our context, of the one used in studies investigating the educational and functional background of executives in organizations (e.g. Ricciotti et al., 2022; Abatecola and Cristofaro, 2020)

b Gender coded as 1 = “Men”; 0 = “Women”

*p < 0.05

**p < 0.01 (two-tailed)

Source(s): Authors own creation

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