Table 2 Capability factors for supply... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Capability factors for supply chain resilience

Capability factor	Definition	Sub-factors
Flexibility in sourcing	Ability to quickly change inputs or the mode of receiving inputs	Part commonality, Modular product design, Multiple uses, Supplier contract flexibility, Multiple sources
Flexibility in order fulfillment	Ability to quickly change outputs or the mode of delivering outputs	Alternate distribution channels, Risk pooling/sharing, Multi-sourcing, Delayed commitment, Production postponement, Inventory management, Rerouting of requirements
Capacity	Availability of assets to enable sustained production levels	Reserve capacity, Redundancy, Backup energy sources and communications
Efficiency	Capability to produce outputs with minimum resource requirements	Waste elimination, Labor productivity, Asset utilization, Product variability reduction, Failure prevention
Visibility	Knowledge of the status of operating assets and the environment	Business intelligence gathering, Information technology, Products, Assets and People visibility, Information exchange
Adaptability	Ability to modify operations in response to challenges or opportunities	Fast rerouting of requirements, Lead time reduction, Strategic gaming and simulation, Seizing advantage from disruptions, Alternative technology development, Learning from experience
Anticipation	Ability to discern potential future events or situations	Monitoring early warning signals, Forecasting, Deviation and Near-miss analysis, Contingency planning, Preparedness, Risk management, Business continuity planning, Recognition of opportunities
Recovery	Ability to return to normal operational state rapidly	Crisis management, Resource mobilization, Communications strategy, Consequence mitigation
Dispersion	Broad distribution or decentralization of assets	Distributed decision-making, Distributed capacity and assets, Decentralization of key resources, Location-specific empowerment, Dispersion of markets
Collaboration	Ability to work effectively with other entities for mutual benefit	Collaborative forecasting, Customer management, Communications, Postponement of orders, Product life cycle management, Risk sharing with partners
Organization	Human resource structures, policies, skills and culture	Learning, Accountability and Empowerment, Teamwork, Creative problem solving, Cross training, Substitute leadership, Culture of caring
Market position	Status of a company or its products in specific markets	Product differentiation, Customer loyalty/retention Market share, Brand equity, Customer relationships, Customer communications
Security	Defense against deliberate intrusion or attack	Layered defenses, Access restrictions, Employee involvement, Collaboration with governments, Cyber-security, Personnel security
Financial strength	Capacity to absorb fluctuations in cash flow	Insurance, Portfolio diversification, Financial reserves and liquidity, Price margin

Capability factor	Definition	Sub-factors
Flexibility in sourcing	Ability to quickly change inputs or the mode of receiving inputs	Part commonality, Modular product design, Multiple uses, Supplier contract flexibility, Multiple sources
Flexibility in order fulfillment	Ability to quickly change outputs or the mode of delivering outputs	Alternate distribution channels, Risk pooling/sharing, Multi-sourcing, Delayed commitment, Production postponement, Inventory management, Rerouting of requirements
Capacity	Availability of assets to enable sustained production levels	Reserve capacity, Redundancy, Backup energy sources and communications
Efficiency	Capability to produce outputs with minimum resource requirements	Waste elimination, Labor productivity, Asset utilization, Product variability reduction, Failure prevention
Visibility	Knowledge of the status of operating assets and the environment	Business intelligence gathering, Information technology, Products, Assets and People visibility, Information exchange
Adaptability	Ability to modify operations in response to challenges or opportunities	Fast rerouting of requirements, Lead time reduction, Strategic gaming and simulation, Seizing advantage from disruptions, Alternative technology development, Learning from experience
Anticipation	Ability to discern potential future events or situations	Monitoring early warning signals, Forecasting, Deviation and Near-miss analysis, Contingency planning, Preparedness, Risk management, Business continuity planning, Recognition of opportunities
Recovery	Ability to return to normal operational state rapidly	Crisis management, Resource mobilization, Communications strategy, Consequence mitigation
Dispersion	Broad distribution or decentralization of assets	Distributed decision-making, Distributed capacity and assets, Decentralization of key resources, Location-specific empowerment, Dispersion of markets
Collaboration	Ability to work effectively with other entities for mutual benefit	Collaborative forecasting, Customer management, Communications, Postponement of orders, Product life cycle management, Risk sharing with partners
Organization	Human resource structures, policies, skills and culture	Learning, Accountability and Empowerment, Teamwork, Creative problem solving, Cross training, Substitute leadership, Culture of caring
Market position	Status of a company or its products in specific markets	Product differentiation, Customer loyalty/retention Market share, Brand equity, Customer relationships, Customer communications
Security	Defense against deliberate intrusion or attack	Layered defenses, Access restrictions, Employee involvement, Collaboration with governments, Cyber-security, Personnel security
Financial strength	Capacity to absorb fluctuations in cash flow	Insurance, Portfolio diversification, Financial reserves and liquidity, Price margin

Source(s): Table adapted from Pettit et al. (2010)