Table 5

Matrix of anti-corruption measures in six countries/regions

IndicatorAdequate anti-corruption measuresInadequate anti-corruption measures
Strong political willEffective strategy (Singapore, New Zealand, Hong Kong SAR)Ineffective strategy (No example as unlikely in reality)
Weak political willIneffective strategy (Malaysia)“Hopeless” strategy (Japan, Taiwan)

Source: Adapted from Quah (1982, p. 175, Table 4)

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