Table A1. Measurement instruments... | Emerald Publishing

Table A1.

Measurement instruments

Constructs	Measures	Sources
Perceived members’ support	1. When I reply to other members’ questions, I believe that I will get an answer for giving an answer 2. When I help others through the SNS community, I expect somebody to respond when I am in need 3. When I respond to other members’ questions, I expect that my queries to be answered in future	Gharib et al. (2017)
Exchange ideology	1. I should not care about the community members if they have no care for me^R 2. How much I help other members should not depend on how they treat me^R 3. My effort to assist others should not depend on how much others assist me^R	Ladd and Henry (2000)
Perceived tie	1. I engage in a high level of interaction with other SNS community members 2. I spend considerable time interacting with other SNS community members 3. I have frequent communication with other SNS community members	Phua et al. (2017)
Online community participation behavior	1. I regularly login to the SNS community and read posted discussions 2. I always keep my profile up-to-date on the SNS community 3. I post relevant and useful information to the SNS community that engenders discussions	Gharib et al. (2017)
Perceived benefits
Hedonic benefits	1. I feel pleased and relaxed in this community 2. I gain joy and happiness in this community	Nambisan and Baron (2009)
Social benefit	1. I can expand my social network through participation in this community 2. The community helps strengthen my connections with other members	Dholakia et al. (2004)
Utilitarian benefits	1. My participation in the community would create strong relationships with members who have common interests
	2. Participation in the community would enhance cooperation by remaining members in the future	Xu and Li (2015)

Constructs	Measures	Sources
Perceived members’ support	1. When I reply to other members’ questions, I believe that I will get an answer for giving an answer2. When I help others through the SNS community, I expect somebody to respond when I am in need3. When I respond to other members’ questions, I expect that my queries to be answered in future	Gharib et al. (2017)
Exchange ideology	1. I should not care about the community members if they have no care for me^R2. How much I help other members should not depend on how they treat me^R3. My effort to assist others should not depend on how much others assist me^R	Ladd and Henry (2000)
Perceived tie	1. I engage in a high level of interaction with other SNS community members2. I spend considerable time interacting with other SNS community members3. I have frequent communication with other SNS community members	Phua et al. (2017)
Online community participation behavior	1. I regularly login to the SNS community and read posted discussions2. I always keep my profile up-to-date on the SNS community3. I post relevant and useful information to the SNS community that engenders discussions	Gharib et al. (2017)
Perceived benefits
Hedonic benefits	1. I feel pleased and relaxed in this community2. I gain joy and happiness in this community	Nambisan and Baron (2009)
Social benefit	1. I can expand my social network through participation in this community2. The community helps strengthen my connections with other members	Dholakia et al. (2004)
Utilitarian benefits	1. My participation in the community would create strong relationships with members who have common interests
	2. Participation in the community would enhance cooperation by remaining members in the future	Xu and Li (2015)

Notes:

^Rreverse codded