Table 3.

Variables description

Variable nameVariable nameModel nameProxy
DependentSustainable Development Goals disclosureSDGIn total, 17 Sustainable Development Goals disclosure/total number of Sustainable Development Goals (17)
IndependentCSR committeeCSRCOMDummy variable equals 1 if the company has CSR sustainable committee; otherwise, 0
ModeratorGender diversityGEND-∑i - 1nPi2⁠, where Pi is the proportion of boardroom members in each category and n is the number of different categories
ControlBoard sizeBSIZETotal number of board members
ControlCEO dualityCEODUALDummy variable equals 0 if the company operates with the same person as CEO and chairman simultaneously; otherwise, 1
ControlAnalyst coverageANCOVTotal number of analysts covering a company in a given year
ControlCash dividendCASHNatural logarithm of the cash dividends
ControlProfitabilityROAIncome after taxes for the fiscal period/total asset
ControlLeverageLEVTotal debt/total assets
ControlFirm sizeFSIZENatural logarithm of total assets

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