Table 2

Constructs, items and loadings

Constructs and itemsStandardized loadings
Supply integration (SI) 
Our interorganizational logistics activities are closely coordinated with our suppliers0.73
We have a seamless integration of logistics activities with our “key” suppliers0.83
Our logistics integration is characterized by excellent distribution, transportation and/or warehousing “facilities”0.75
Our inbound and outbound distribution of goods is well-integrated with our suppliers0.74
We have a smooth flow of information and materials with our suppliers0.60
Mass customization (MC) 
We are highly capable of large-scale product customization0.72
We can easily add significant product variety without increasing cost0.61
We are able to add product variety without sacrificing quality0.74
We are highly capable of responding quickly to customization requirements0.78
Innovation orientation (IO) 
We emphasize the need for innovation for development0.71
We promote the need for development and utilization of new resources0.77
We embrace, accept and measure innovation0.73
Management actively seeks innovative ideas0.76
Our teams and employees are encouraged for new ideas even if they are risky or do not work0.60
Manufacturing flexibility (MF) 
We are able to operate efficiently at different levels of output0.67
We can quickly change the quantities for our products produced0.76
We are able to build different products in the same plant(s) at the same time0.72
Firm performance (FP) 
Overall product quality0.72
Overall competitive position0.62
Overall customer service levels0.70

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