Table 2

Caregivers’ contributions to the whole encounter

Caregivers’ activity rolesTypes of contributions by caregivers to the whole encounterExamples
Assessor/advice-giver- Act as “vice-doctor”DOCTOR: explains that it is important for the patient to get back to a careful dietary regimen
PATIENT: yes yes, I know, but honestly when you’re not feeling well, like this past period …
DAUGHTER: yes, but mom, you have to take care of yourself. I went to the seaside with her, right, I mean, she ate ice cream, right? I mean, we had arguments, big arguments, I told her, if I had diabetes, this ice cream, even if it’s just a little, I wouldn’t eat it. I’m telling you, honestly …
DOCTOR: your exams are really very good
HUSBAND [standing behind patient]: see, that’s what I keep telling her …
Information giver- Fill in the informationPATIENT: I have a cough
WIFE: he’s driving me crazy, with my hearing aid
DOCTOR: When did it begin?
WIFE: at the beginning of the week
DOCTOR: Was it the same then or less?
WIFE: a bit less
Addressee- Respond in the place of or with patients
- Are legitimized, addressees
DOCTOR: so, how are you?
PATIENT: I have problems when I go to the bathroom [WIFE overlaps but words are not clear]
DOCTOR: do you have diarrhea?
PATIENT: no no/WIFE: I don’t know [simultaneous answer]
DOCTOR: Are you following a diet for your diabetes?
PATIENT: [to wife] you speak …

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