Table 1. Proactive CSR Approaches.... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Proactive CSR Approaches.

	Strategic CSR Approach	Stakeholder CSR Approach
Stakeholders involved	Serves to proactively engage a broad set of business-critical stakeholders (e.g. customers, suppliers, governments, NGOs) to reach company strategic targets	Takes a broad range of external stakeholders into account, irrespective of their strategic value to the firm. Even ‘bottom-level’ stakeholders are involved (e.g. local workers and suppliers)
Example of CSR practices	The strategic-aimed practices are closely integrated with corporate strategy and business goals, for example, training staff on environmental issues; developing external partnerships with other firms and civil society; making investment in the supply chain involving training, knowledge sharing with suppliers	The guiding principle for the stakeholder-aimed practices is engagement. For example, selective choice of CSR compliant suppliers, continuous monitoring, training and improvement of their working conditions, developing strong relationships. Different types of partnerships with local and global NGOs among supply chain partners, CSR education in local community schools

	Strategic CSR Approach	Stakeholder CSR Approach
Stakeholders involved	Serves to proactively engage a broad set of business-critical stakeholders (e.g. customers, suppliers, governments, NGOs) to reach company strategic targets	Takes a broad range of external stakeholders into account, irrespective of their strategic value to the firm. Even ‘bottom-level’ stakeholders are involved (e.g. local workers and suppliers)
Example of CSR practices	The strategic-aimed practices are closely integrated with corporate strategy and business goals, for example, training staff on environmental issues; developing external partnerships with other firms and civil society; making investment in the supply chain involving training, knowledge sharing with suppliers	The guiding principle for the stakeholder-aimed practices is engagement. For example, selective choice of CSR compliant suppliers, continuous monitoring, training and improvement of their working conditions, developing strong relationships. Different types of partnerships with local and global NGOs among supply chain partners, CSR education in local community schools