Main Characteristics of Interviewed Researchers by Sex (%).
| Characteristics | Female | Male | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| % | 77.6 | 22.4 | |
| Dependent Variables | |||
| PI in ministry or higher-level projects during the last five years | |||
| Total (N) | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| Ever (%) | 14.0 | 17.2 | 14.7 |
| Never (%) | 86.0 | 82.8 | 85.3 |
| Mean number of Scientific Publications* | |||
| Total (N) | 570 | 166 | 736 |
| Mean | 6.3 | 8.3 | 6.8 |
| Independent Variables | |||
| Total (N) | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| Academic Rank | |||
| Low | 72.9 | 73.4 | 73.0 |
| High | 27.1 | 26.6 | 27.0 |
| Number of Housework Hours per Day*** | |||
| Four hours or less | 47.4 | 74.0 | 53.3 |
| More than four hours | 52.6 | 26.0 | 46.7 |
| Living standards* | |||
| Difficult | 23.7 | 33.1 | 25.8 |
| Average | 67.0 | 62.1 | 65.9 |
| Better-0ff | 9.3 | 4.8 | 8.3 |
| Performance assessment from leaders | |||
| Totally fair | 27.8 | 34.3 | 29.2 |
| Mostly fair | 51.8 | 47.9 | 50.9 |
| Not fair | 20.4 | 17.8 | 19.8 |
| Characteristics | Female | Male | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| % | 77.6 | 22.4 | |
| Dependent Variables | |||
| PI in ministry or higher-level projects during the last five years | |||
| Total ( | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| Ever (%) | 14.0 | 17.2 | 14.7 |
| Never (%) | 86.0 | 82.8 | 85.3 |
| Mean number of Scientific Publications* | |||
| Total ( | 570 | 166 | 736 |
| Mean | 6.3 | 8.3 | 6.8 |
| Independent Variables | |||
| Total ( | 587 | 169 | 756 |
| Academic Rank | |||
| Low | 72.9 | 73.4 | 73.0 |
| High | 27.1 | 26.6 | 27.0 |
| Number of Housework Hours per Day*** | |||
| Four hours or less | 47.4 | 74.0 | 53.3 |
| More than four hours | 52.6 | 26.0 | 46.7 |
| Living standards* | |||
| Difficult | 23.7 | 33.1 | 25.8 |
| Average | 67.0 | 62.1 | 65.9 |
| Better-0ff | 9.3 | 4.8 | 8.3 |
| Performance assessment from leaders | |||
| Totally fair | 27.8 | 34.3 | 29.2 |
| Mostly fair | 51.8 | 47.9 | 50.9 |
| Not fair | 20.4 | 17.8 | 19.8 |
Statistical significance: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
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