Skewness of Theme 4 practices
| Practices | Skewness | Interpretation | Approach focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rigid hierarchy | −0.360 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Tasks defined by PMs | −0.456 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Reduction of team autonomy | −0.111 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Customer exclusion | 0.297 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Flat hierarchy | 0.269 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Multi-disciplinary and self-organised team | −0.430 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Customer inclusion | −0.292 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| PM exercises flexibility | −0.559 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Regular meetings with project participants | −0.856 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Meetings facilitate communication and decision-making | −1.054 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| Assignees determine task execution | −0.910 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Effort considers time and complexity | −1.163 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| High-risk tasks require additional testing time | −0.971 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM drives customer collaboration | −0.932 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM is problem-solver | −0.539 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Management approach focusses on encouragement | −0.725 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM motivates team | −0.935 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM plays supporting role | −0.625 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM expects team autonomy | −0.675 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM is unseen force that guides team | −0.582 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM absence does not stall decision-making | −0.532 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM encourages team | −0.813 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM informs team about progress and changes | −0.770 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM practises subtle authority | −0.657 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Team-customer collaborations | −0.464 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Decisions are continuously adapted | −1.028 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| PM influences project decisions | −0.579 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Practices | Skewness | Interpretation | Approach focus |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rigid hierarchy | −0.360 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Tasks defined by PMs | −0.456 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Reduction of team autonomy | −0.111 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Customer exclusion | 0.297 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Flat hierarchy | 0.269 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Multi-disciplinary and self-organised team | −0.430 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| Customer inclusion | −0.292 | Symmetrical | Hybrid |
| PM exercises flexibility | −0.559 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Regular meetings with project participants | −0.856 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Meetings facilitate communication and decision-making | −1.054 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| Assignees determine task execution | −0.910 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Effort considers time and complexity | −1.163 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| High-risk tasks require additional testing time | −0.971 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM drives customer collaboration | −0.932 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM is problem-solver | −0.539 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Management approach focusses on encouragement | −0.725 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM motivates team | −0.935 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM plays supporting role | −0.625 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM expects team autonomy | −0.675 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM is unseen force that guides team | −0.582 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM absence does not stall decision-making | −0.532 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM encourages team | −0.813 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM informs team about progress and changes | −0.770 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| PM practises subtle authority | −0.657 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Team-customer collaborations | −0.464 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
| Decisions are continuously adapted | −1.028 | Highly skewed | Iterative |
| PM influences project decisions | −0.579 | Moderately skewed | Hybrid → Iterative |
Source(s): Authors own creation