Table 3

Benefits derived from adopting QFS systems in the agro-food sector

Internal benefits
Improvement of internal efficiency
- Internal efficiency improvement
- Standardization of work processes and better use of resources
- Improved productivity and reduced production costs
Escanciano et al. (2014a), Chen et al. (2015), Păunescu et al. (2018), Lizarzaburu (2016), Carmona- Calvo et al. (2016), Kafetzopoulos et al. (2013), Díaz- Romero and Rodriguez-Rojas (2016) 
Improving QFSKafetzopoulos et al. (2014), Păunescu et al. (2018), Chen et al. (2015), Macheka et al. (2013), Qijun and Batt (2016), Carmona- Calvo et al. (2016), Escanciano et al. (2014a), Teixeira et al. (2013), Casolani et al. (2018), Fontaine et al. (2018) 
Improvement of internal communication
- Improvement of skills and increase of commitment and motivation of workers
Song et al. (2017), Macheka et al. (2013), Teixeira et al. (2013), Carmona- Calvo et al. (2016), Escanciano et al. (2014a), Păunescu et al. (2018) 
Innovation and technological improvement
Escanciano et al. (2014a), Botello Peñaloza (2016), Díaz- Romero and Rodríguez- Rojas (2015), Hobbs (2010)
External benefits
Improving the relationship with all stakeholders
- Increased customer satisfaction
- Compliance with the requirements and demands of the distributors
Păunescu et al. (2018), Qijun and Batt (2016), Botello- Peñaloza (2016), Escanciano et al. (2014a, b), Song et al. (2017), Carmona- Calvo et al. (2016), Chen et al. (2015), Sans et al. (2005), Karaman et al. (2012) 
Regulatory compliance and improved internationalization of companies: Access to new markets and increased exportsKaraman et al. (2012), Macheka et al. (2013)
Escanciano et al. (2014a), Păunescu et al. (2018), Chen et al. (2015), Qijun and Batt (2016), Aguilar et al. (2016), Huerta- Dueñas et al. (2018), Botello Peñaloza (2016), Teixera et al. (2013), Song et al. (2017), Rincón- Ballesteros et al. (2019), Maldonado-Siman et al. (2014b), Casolani et al. (2018) 
Improving the environment and rural development: Sustainable development and rural tourismTolón et al. (2009), Lozano et al. (2010), Aguilar et al. (2016), Millán et al. (2014) 
Improvement of the competitive position: Obtaining competitive advantages of differentiation and improvement of the image and reputationSong et al. (2017), Qijun and Batt (2016), Murrieta et al. (2020), Botello Peñaloza (2016), Huerta- Dueñas et al. (2018), Escanciano et al. (2014a), Kafetzopoulos et al. (2013), 2014, Macheka et al. (2013) 
Obtaining economic benefits: Indirect relationship via sales, increased market share, cost reduction …
Versus controversy
Macheka et al. (2013), Díaz Romero et al. (2016), Kafetzopoulos et al. (2014), Păunescu et al. (2018), Teixeira et al. (2013), Qijun and Batt (2016) 

Source(s): Own elaboration

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