Table 4 Pairwise t -test of the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Pairwise t-test of the perceived effectiveness of social media pre- and post-Covid-19

	Pre-Covid		Post-Covid
	${\bar{x}}_{1}$	SD	${\bar{x}}_{2}$	SD	${\bar{x}}_{2}$ - ${\bar{x}}_{1}$	T	Sig
Whatsapp	3.908	1.279	4.326	1.074	0.418	8.234	0.000^***
Telegram	1.525	1.051	2.004	1.435	0.479	7.414	0.000^***
Facebook	3.638	1.308	4.007	1.251	0.369	6.468	0.000^***
Instagram	3.018	1.575	3.762	1.525	0.744	9.799	0.000^***
YouTube	2.007	1.336	2.901	1.620	0.894	11.668	0.000^***
Twitter	1.574	1.038	2.103	1.439	0.529	7.627	0.000^***

	Pre-Covid		Post-Covid
	${\bar{x}}_{1}$	SD	${\bar{x}}_{2}$	SD	${\bar{x}}_{2}$ - ${\bar{x}}_{1}$	T	Sig
Whatsapp	3.908	1.279	4.326	1.074	0.418	8.234	0.000^***
Telegram	1.525	1.051	2.004	1.435	0.479	7.414	0.000^***
Facebook	3.638	1.308	4.007	1.251	0.369	6.468	0.000^***
Instagram	3.018	1.575	3.762	1.525	0.744	9.799	0.000^***
YouTube	2.007	1.336	2.901	1.620	0.894	11.668	0.000^***
Twitter	1.574	1.038	2.103	1.439	0.529	7.627	0.000^***

Note(s): Significantly different average scores * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001

Source(s): Table by authors