Table A1

The list of records included in the literature review

AuthorsTitleYearDocument typeSource titleABDC rankingAJG rankingStudy aimsMain findingsClusterCited by
Bakici T., Almirall E., Wareham J.The role of public open innovation intermediaries in local government and the public sector2013ArticleTechnology Analysis and Strategic ManagementB2The article investigates the role of public OI intermediaries, examining how they set the conditions for collaboration between public sector entities and privately-owned companiesPublic OI intermediaries orchestrate the collaboration among public sector entities and privately-owned organizations, playing a critical role in executing innovation projectsBlue32
Belyaeva Z., Shams S.M.R., Santoro G., Grandhi B.Unpacking stakeholder relationship management in the public and private sectors: the comparative insights2020ReviewEuroMed Journal of BusinessC1The article presents the wide spectrum of stakeholder management in the public and the private sectors, with a specific focus on OIPublic sector entities may miss the competences and resources to innovate through an OI approach, even though open strategies are essential to solve current public management issuesBlue13
Georgousopoulos G., Ziouvelou Z., Ramfos R., Kokkinakos P., Anshu J., Gangadharan G.R., Taher H.Applying open innovation strategies to eGovernment for better public services2013Book ChapterE-Government Success Factors and Measures: Theories, Concepts, and MethodologiesN/AN/AThe article advances an OI model based on democratic engagement between service providers and recipients; citizenship is put at the core of public service deliveryA shift towards citizen-centeredness and user empowerment is needed to realize the full potential of OI in the public sector, enabling user-driven innovation of public servicesBlue6
Edelmann N., Höchtl J., Sachs M.Collaboration for open innovation processes in public administrations2014Book ChapterEmpowering Open and Collaborative Governance: Technologies and Methods for Online Citizen Engagement in Public Policy MakingN/AN/AThe article conceptually discusses the new paradigm of collaborative innovation triggered by digitalizationThe pervasiveness of ICTs, the increasing digital literacy of citizens, and the stakeholders' willingness to participate in value co-creation enable OI and boundaryless innovation practicesBlue13
Feller J., Finnegan P., Nilsson O.Open innovation and public administration: Transformational typologies and business model impacts2011ArticleEuropean Journal of Information SystemsA*4The article explores how OI strategies can transform public administration, investigating the implications of networking on the creation and exploitation of new ideasPublic sector entities use various approaches and practices to implement outside-in, inside-out, and coupled OI processes; OI nurtures new business models for the public sectorBlue94
Feller J., Finnegan P., Nilsson O.“We have everything to win”: Collaboration and open innovation in public administration2008Conference PaperICIS 2008 Proceedings - Twenty Ninth International Conference on Information SystemsN/AN/AThe article investigates Swedish municipal authorities' initiatives to move from isolated innovation to purposive leveraging of OIDifferent configurations of OI inspire knowledge inflows and outflows across the ecosystems enacted by public sector entities; tailored actions should be taken to engage stakeholders in such configurations and stimulate them to share knowledgeBlue10
Fu X., Xiong H.Open innovation in China: Policies and practices2011ReviewJournal of Science and Technology Policy in ChinaN/AN/AThe article reviews the evolutionary trend of OI policies and practices in the Chinese context, contemplating the role of globalizationPublic sector entities play a critical role in supporting OI and oiling collaborative innovation; alongside protecting intellectual property rights, they facilitate stakeholders' participation to international technological exchanges and to large scientific endeavoursBlue26
Hameduddin T., Fernandez S., Demircioglu M.A.Conditions for open innovation in public organizations: evidence from Challenge.gov2020ArticleAsia Pacific Journal of Public AdministrationN/AN/AThe article examines whether organizational and individual factors predict the adoption of OI in the public sectorEmployees' empowerment is needed to enhance OI performance; public servants should possess adequate knowledge and skills to deal with the unprecedented challenges triggered by OIBlue11
Kinder T.E-Government service innovation in the Scottish criminal justice information system2010ArticleFinancial Accountability and ManagementA3The article argues the need for a reconceptualization of e-government projects in light of the scholarly debate on OIEmbracing a top-down perspective, adopting a technology-driven orientation, and pursuing over-ambitious process reduce the effectiveness of OI in the public sectorBlue15
Koch G., Füller J., Brunswicker S.Online crowdsourcing in the public sector: How to design open government platforms2011Conference PaperLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)N/AN/AThe article investigates if, and under which conditions, crowdsourcing platforms can be applied to pave the way for OI in the public sectorWhilst design frameworks derived from research on OI in the private sector can be partially applied to the public sector, attention should be paid to community management and offline events, which are essential to make stakeholders willing to participate in public value co-creationBlue29
Koch G., Rapp M., Kröger N.Harnessing the innovation potential of citizens: How open innovation can be used to co-develop political strategies2013Book ChapterStrategy and Communication for InnovationN/AN/AThe paper examines how an online co-creating approach can be designed according to an OI perspective to collaboratively develop a political strategy with experts and citizensPublic sector entities should pay attention to stakeholders' recruitment and activation strategies, as well as to community management; to achieve continuous stakeholders' engagement, offline and virtual interactions should be concomitantly exploitedBlue5
Kokkinakos P., Koussouris S., Panopoulos D., Askounis D., Ramfos A., Georgousopoulos C., Wittern E.Citizens collaboration and co-creation in public service delivery: The COCKPIT project2012ArticleInternational Journal of Electronic Government ResearchCN/AThe article investigates the new opportunities for mass collaboration between citizens and public administrations to enact public value co-creationOI in the public sector is conducive to engaging, motivating, and empowering citizens in the public service delivery decision making process, capitalizing on innovative digital technologies to enhance democracy and empower peopleBlue27
Konsti-Laakso S., Rantala T.Managing community engagement: A process model for urban planning2018ArticleEuropean Journal of Operational ResearchA*4The study develops a process model for managing community engagement in urban planning investigating the implications of OITo achieve effectiveness, attention should be paid to what kinds of stakeholder groups participate in OI and how the participation is accomplished; a comprehensive engagement of stakeholders creates meaningfulness, which advances commitment to OIBlue14
Lundgren A., Westlund H.The openness buzz in the knowledge economy: Towards taxonomy2017ArticleEnvironment and Planning C: Politics and SpaceB3The article introduces a taxonomy to analyse the concept of openness and illuminate the distinguishing attributes of OIAccessibility, transparency, participation, and a logic of sharing should deeply inspire OI initiatives, enacting cultural embeddedness of public value co-creationBlue5
Mroczkowski T., Miller M.Envisioning Smart Development in Poland from a Triple Helix Systems Perspective: a Critical Assessment of the Morawiecki Plan2017ArticleJournal of the Knowledge EconomyCN/AThe article embraces the Triple Helix perspective to explore the attributes of the plan for innovation-based development for PolandContext-specific and permanent mechanisms of interaction at the junctions among the public sector entities and the privately-owned companies involved in the innovation ecosystem is needed to accomplish OIBlue10
Parveen S., Senin A.A., Umar A.Organization culture and open innovation: A quadruple helix open innovation model approach2015ArticleInternational Journal of Economics and Financial IssuesCN/AThe study analyses the relationship between organizational culture and OI, contemplating how a quadruple helix approach influences the implementation of collaborative innovationThe adoption of a quadruple helix approach increases the stakeholders' willingness to participate in OI, stimulating risk-taking propensity and adding to the commitment towards OIBlue13
Van Duivenboden H., Thaens M.ICT-driven innovation and the culture of public administration: A contradiction in terms?2008ArticleInformation PolityCN/AThe article sheds light on the relationship existing between ICT-innovations and the culture of public administration, with a focus on OIThe traditional bureaucratic organizational culture of public sector entities prevents the implementation of OI initiatives; to overcome this issue, the reciprocity between innovation and organizational culture should be exploitedBlue26
Androutsopoulou A., Karacapilidis N., Loukis E., Charalabidis Y.Towards an integrated and inclusive platform for open innovation in the public sector2017Conference PaperCommunications in Computer and Information ScienceN/AN/AThe article investigates how the combination of existing ICTs support and advance OI implementation in the public sectorTo advance the effectiveness of OI, integration should be achieved between collaboration and decision support tool, as well as between data collection and analysis tools; this enacts a collaborative environment allowing stakeholders immersion in OIGreen5
Carè S., Trotta A., Carè R., Rizzello A.Crowdfunding for the development of smart cities2018ArticleBusiness HorizonsB2The article advances an explorative approach to investigate the civic crowdfunding phenomenon and its ability to promote community development through OIOI initiatives have been found to contribute to the creation of new forms of community development by promoting new spheres of relationships between the public and private sectors; this primarily happens through citizens' involvement and the wisdom of the crowdGreen18
Chatwin M., Arku G.Co-creating an Open Government Action Plan: The Case of Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Assembly, Ghana2018ArticleGrowth and ChangeB2The article investigates OI at the subnational level in developing countries, shedding light on the motivations of public sector entities to utilize the stakeholders' capabilitiesInformation transparency, public participation, and accountability are conducive to increased stakeholders' participation to OI; public sector entities which fall short in ensuring transparency and accountability are not able to take advantage of stakeholders' involvementGreen9
Dezi L., Pisano P., Pironti M., Papa A.Unpacking open innovation neighborhoods: le milieu of the lean smart city2018ArticleManagement DecisionB2The paper examines how public sector entities encourage the entry of privately-owned companies and citizens in public collaborationsSince public sector entities lack the knowledge and management capabilities to thrive in OI-activated contexts, ICTs and digital tools should be exploited to foster the public sector entities' capacity to adopt an entrepreneurial approach and a start-up mentality to steer public value co-creation initiativesGreen20
Díaz-Díaz R., Pérez-González D.Implementation of social media concepts for e-Government: Case study of a social media tool for value co-creation and citizen participation2016ArticleJournal of Organizational and End User ComputingB1The study intends to broaden the knowledge on ambitious social media projects implemented by local public administrations for e-Government, according to an OI perspectiveSeveral ingredients are needed in the recipe for OI effectiveness, such as: the public sector entities' commitment in the project, the creation of a community manager to engage stakeholders, and the implementation of a technological infrastructure which is secure and easy to useGreen27
Ferraris A., Santoro G., Papa A.The cities of the future: Hybrid alliances for open innovation projects2018ReviewFuturesB2The study examines the strategies followed and the challenges met by privately-owned companies in arranging OI strategies with public sector entitiesThe success of OI strategies is affected by the richness and the vividness of the network of stakeholders with which public sector entities interact; the inclusion in a vivid network encourages explorative alliances and nurtures OIGreen32
Ferraris A., Santoro G., Pellicelli A.C.“Openness” of public governments in smart cities: removing the barriers for innovation and entrepreneurship2020ArticleInternational Entrepreneurship and Management JournalC1The article analyses OI in public governments and addresses the barriers and challenges that public governments face in smart city developmentLack of rules, blurred responsibilities and tasks, inadequate inter-organizational communication, risk adversity, and limited resources represent the most relevant barriers to OIGreen18
Konsti-Laakso S.Stolen snow shovels and good ideas: The search for and generation of local knowledge in the social media community2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The study investigates how citizen online communities support OI practices in the public sector and which contributions are producedStakeholders' participation in OI shows a networked nature; a contributors-centred approach should be taken to stimulate stakeholders' participation and increase their retention in OI initiativesGreen16
Kube M., Hilgers D., Koch G., Füller J.Explaining voluntary citizen online participation using the concept of citizenship: an explanatory study on an open government platform2015ArticleJournal of Business EconomicsN/A2The paper develops a framework to make sense of citizen participation in OI initiatives enacted by public sector entitiesStakeholders use their participation in OI initiatives to learn and push forward their own ideas; whilst faith in the political system does not significantly affect participation, easiness of use of the tools and platforms used to enact OI increase stakeholders' engagement in public value co-creationGreen16
Loukis E., Charalabidis Y., Androutsopoulou A.Promoting open innovation in the public sector through social media monitoring2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The article advances a novel method of monitoring social media to set the conditions for OI in the public sectorMonitoring social media enacts a passive citizensourcing, which is conducive to promoting and supporting OI with limited efforts and generates a greater degree of stakeholders' participation to public value co-creationGreen56
Paskaleva K., Cooper I.Open innovation and the evaluation of internet-enabled public services in smart cities2018ArticleTechnovationA3The study proposes a new operationalization of co-production and co-evaluation of civic services in smart cities, introducing OITo achieve effective stakeholders' participation in OI, public sector entities should make an effort to integrate innovation management with evaluation capabilities, merging the hard and soft side of OIGreen19
Randhawa K., Wilden R., West J.Crowdsourcing without profit: the role of the seeker in open social innovation2019ArticleR and D ManagementA3The article examines the organizational choices of public sector entities that crowdsource from citizens to drive OI and develop new ways to address societal problemsSince the motives and societal goals of public sector entities are fundamentally different from those of privately-owned companies, OI strategies should linger on the intrinsic motivation of stakeholders and leverage their identity, emphasizing their contribution to public value generationGreen17
Santos A.C.D., Zambalde A.L., Veroneze R.B., Botelho G.A., De Souza Bermejo P.H.Open innovation and social participation: A case study in public security in Brazil2015Conference PaperLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)N/AN/AThe article appreciates the implications of community participation in addressing major local problems, relying on OI enacted by advanced ICTsOI enables public sector entities to cope with relevant public management issues through crowdstorming, transforming individual knowledge in collective intelligence; however, tailored incentive schemes should be devised to overcome the resistances to partake in public value co-creationGreen12
Schmidthuber L., Hilgers D.Unleashing Innovation beyond Organizational Boundaries: Exploring Citizensourcing Projects2018ArticleInternational Journal of Public AdministrationB2The article investigates the OI phenomenon beyond the entrepreneurial domain, focusing on open governmentThe OI phenomenon paves the way for a greater attention paid by public sector entities to citizensourcing, which entails the active participation of people in giving advice to public sector entities and co-designing and co-producing public servicesGreen21
Schmidthuber L., Piller F., Bogers M., Hilgers D.Citizen participation in public administration: investigating open government for social innovation2019ArticleR and D ManagementA3The study investigates what motivates citizens to participate in OI and how such motivations influence their involvementDrawing on Social Determination Theory, the authors argue that involvement in OI is intrinsically motivated; conversely, external regulation reduces the individual willingness to share ideas and to actively participate in public value co-creationGreen17
Thapa B.E.P., Niehaves B., Seidel C.E., Plattfaut R.Citizen involvement in public sector innovation: Government and citizen perspectives2015ArticleInformation PolityCN/AEmbracing the government perspective and looking at OI, the article attempts to highlight key issues affecting citizens' involvementDifferent factors motivate people to participate in OI initiatives aimed at tackling public management issues; financial incentives are not always effective; socio-demographic variables and previous experiences play a role in determining the individual desire to participate in OIGreen19
Wijnhoven F., Ehrenhard M., Kuhn J.Open government objectives and participation motivations2015ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The study attempts to identify the motivations for participation in OI and open government focusing on the free/libre open-source softwareWhilst socio-demographic attributes do not seem to affect stakeholders' willingness to participate in OI, the complexity and ambitiousness of OI projects reduce the individual desire to partake in public value co-creationGreen106
Yuan Q., Gasco-Hernandez M.Open innovation in the public sector: creating public value through civic hackathons2021ArticlePublic Management ReviewA4The paper investigates the outcomes of OI in the public sector, pointing out its contribution to public value generationCollective events, such as hackathons, foster stakeholders' involvement in public value co-creation, facilitating the encounter between public sector entities' expectations and stakeholders' contributionsGreen5
Bartlett D.Champions of local authority innovation revisited2017ArticleLocal Government StudiesA2The article provides a conceptual advancement of public sector innovation champions, who are involved in aligning stakeholders in OI networksA shift from boundary spanning to social capitalism is needed to advance the engagement of stakeholders in exploiting public open data and other relevant resources for value co-creationPurple6
Bekkers V., Tummers L.Innovation in the public sector: Towards an open and collaborative approach2018Article/EditorialInternational Review of Administrative SciencesC3The article discusses the changing perspective of the public management literature on innovation-related issuesInnovation in the public sector is inherently conceived of as an open process of collaboration; to boost public value generation, the different notions of value held by stakeholders should be aligned, fostering their cooperationPurple23
Chatfield A.T., Reddick C.G.A longitudinal cross-sector analysis of open data portal service capability: The case of Australian local governments2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The article investigates if and how open data portal service capabilities differ in terms of open data provision, data format variety, open data policy intensity, and entrepreneurial data service, focusing on open government data initiativesPublic sector entities should invest in their own open government data portals rather than in outsourcing; furthermore, they should be leaders in sharing public data through their open government portalsPurple51
Gagliardi D., Schina L., Sarcinella M.L., Mangialardi G., Niglia F., Corallo A.Information and communication technologies and public participation: interactive maps and value added for citizens2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The study examines how open data may be used to provide innovative services together with simple and standardized elaborations and innovative visualization techniquesAlongside opening data-banks, public sector entities should make an effort to meet the citizens' needs through the direct provision of relevant services fostering participation in public value co-creationPurple55
Gascó M.Living labs: Implementing open innovation in the public sector2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3The study intends to understand the role of living labs as intermediaries of public OILiving labs can be conceived of as OI intermediaries, facilitating the stakeholders' access to relevant data and information to participate in public value creation initiativesPurple83
Gryszkiewicz L., Lykourentzou I., Toivonen T.Innovation labs: Leveraging openness for radical innovation?2016ReviewJournal of Innovation ManagementCN/AThe article embraces an exploratory perspective to investigates how the principle of openness unfolds throughout the innovation process in the public sectorA collaborative culture should be established to unleash the potential of OI in the public sector, relying on stakeholders' long-term engagement, mutual trust, and commitment to public value generationPurple16
Ham J., Lee J.-N., Kim D.J., Choi B.Open innovation maturity model for the government: An open system perspective2015Conference Paper2015 International Conference on Information Systems: Exploring the Information Frontier, ICIS 2015N/AN/AThe article develops a government-level OI maturity model to understand data-driven OI practices in the public sectorA holistic approach should be embraced to understand the relationships and interactions between public sector entities and the external environment, acknowledging the enablers and the barriers to OIPurple13
Hellberg A.-S., Hedström K.The story of the sixth myth of open data and open government2015ArticleTransforming Government: People, Process and PolicyB2The study adopts a storytelling approach to describe the efforts implemented by public sector entities to realize an open government agendaAlthough stakeholders might appreciate the access to public open data, they do not necessarily use them; public sector entities should create incentives to the use of public open data and should provide people with the knowledge and skills to effectively use themPurple47
Kassen M.Open data in Kazakhstan: incentives, implementation and challenges2017ArticleInformation Technology and PeopleN/A3The paper analyses how open data boost public sector innovation, shedding light on engagement initiatives that stimulate citizens and stakeholders' participation to public value creationEnabling the access to public open data does not affect the fundamentals of the political system and falls short in advancing traditional democratic institutions; attention should be paid to setting an institutional climate which is conducive to stakeholders' willingness to use public open dataPurple30
Malsbender A., Hofmann S., Becker J.Aligning capabilities and social media affordances for open innovation in governments2014ArticleAustralasian Journal of Information SystemsA1The paper advances a framework for supporting the use of social media affordances for service innovation in the public sectorAlongside participation and collaboration, transparency is required to enable OI and facilitate stakeholders' involvement in addressing public management issues. Public sector entities should develop specific capabilities to implement infrastructures enabling stakeholders' access to public open dataPurple11
Sandoval-Almazan R., Ramon Gil-Garcia J., Valle-Cruz D.Going beyond bureaucracy through gamification: Innovation labs and citizen engagement in the case of “Mapaton” in Mexico City2017aBook ChapterPublic Administration and Information TechnologyN/AN/ARelying on Technology Enactment Framework and conceptual advancements on gamification, the study investigates how citizens can be involved in an OI effort aimed at public value co-generationPublic sector entities can embrace a capacity building perspective that empowers people and stakeholders, providing them with data and information to solve public management issues and participate in public value generationPurple6
Sandoval-Almazan R., Valle-Cruz D.Open innovation, living labs and public officials: The case of “mapaton” in Mexico2017bConference PaperACM International Conference Proceeding SeriesN/AN/AThe article reports a specific case of OI, adopting the OI Process Phases to determine the requisites to the implementation of successful OIThe generation of mutual trust is essential to make interlocutors involved in OI willing to use public open data for the purpose of value creationPurple7
Smith G., Sandberg J.Barriers to innovating with open government data: Exploring experiences across service phases and user types2018ArticleInformation PolityCN/AThe article attempts to identify the barriers and obstacles preventing users of open government data to participate in OI initiatives that are beneficial to societyPerceived barriers to the use of open government data are shaped by the motivations, pre-conditions, approach, and objectives taken by relevant stakeholders; increased provision of open data does not generate value, if extant barriers to their use perceived by stakeholders are not tackledPurple24
Susha I., Grönlund A., Janssen M.Driving factors of service innovation using open government data: An exploratory study of entrepreneurs in two countries2015ArticleInformation PolityCN/AThe article identifies and discusses the driving factors of open data adoption for service innovationTo facilitate the use of open data, public sector entities should enhance the transparent access, as well as the interoperability and combinability of data; moreover, continuous support should be ensured to stakeholders interested in public open dataPurple37
Tate M., Bongiovanni I., Kowalkiewicz M., Townson P.Managing the “Fuzzy front end” of open digital service innovation in the public sector: A methodology2018ArticleInternational Journal of Information ManagementA*2The article illuminates the barriers and obstacles to effective OI, with a specific focus on Fuzzy Front-End public-sector innovationPublic sector entities should engage with the formalization of clear and compelling guidelines, stimulate a nurturing institutional environment, nourish interorganizational relationships, and create appropriate boundary spanning appointments to overcome obstacles and barriers to OIPurple25
Yang Z., Kankanhalli A.Innovation in government services: The case of open data2013Conference PaperIFIP Advances in Information and Communication TechnologyN/AN/AThe article intends to shed light on the reasons and factors that inhibit the stakeholders' interest to innovate using open dataBad data formats, disruptions in timely release of public data, and lack of data granularity represent major shortcomings preventing the stakeholders' willingness to use public open dataPurple38
Zhang N., Zhao X., Zhang Z., Meng Q., Tan H.What factors drive open innovation in China's public sector? A case study of official document exchange via microblogging (ODEM) in Haining2017ArticleGovernment Information QuarterlyN/A3Embracing the Technology-Organization-Environment framework, the article explores the factors that drive OIAlongside hard factors, such as the IT competences of public servants and stakeholders involved in OI, soft factors – including the support and commitment of top managers – are essential to enable public sector to fully exploit OIPurple33
Almirall E., Lee M., Majchrzak A.Open innovation requires integrated competition-community ecosystems: Lessons learned from civic open innovation2014ArticleBusiness HorizonsB2The authors compare the approaches taken by six cities opening their data for innovation, contrasting collaborative and competitive ways of organizing external sourcesOI is effective when public sector entities balance the needs of the entire ecosystem in ways that foster competition and collaboration simultaneouslyRed81
Assar S., Boughzala I., Isckia T.eGovernment trends in the web 2.0 era and the open innovation perspective: An exploratory field study2011Conference PaperLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)N/AN/AThe contribution assesses the transformation potential associated with OI on e-government and envisions the development trends of innovative public servicesThe implications of OI on the development and implementation of new public services rely on the timely availability of open data, on a solid and robust institutional setting, and on interoperability of data and documentsRed14
Bekkers V.Why does e-government look as it does? Looking beyond the explanatory emptiness of the e-government concept2012ArticleInformation PolityCN/AThe article conceptually advances the distinctive role of OI in filling the emptiness of the e-government conceptThe success of e-government is affected by the public sector entities' ability to establish a viable OI program, considering the stakeholders' ability and willingness to link and share ideas for co-creating valueRed8
Chan C.M.L.From open data to open innovation strategies: Creating e-services using open government data2013Conference PaperProceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System SciencesN/AN/AThe article investigates the strategies to facilitate organizations and citizens to use open government data and participate in public value generationThe creation of open government data portal is not enough to prompt public value co-creation: the emphasis should move beyond using public open data to promote co-production of valuable public servicesRed82
Charalabidis Y., Koussouris S., Ramfos A.A cloud infrastructure for collaborative digital public services2011Conference PaperProceedings - 2011 3rd IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, CloudCom 2011N/AN/AThe article advances a structured model for enabling OI and participative development of public services exploiting the power of cloud computingOI enables public sector entities to develop and implement innovative and sophisticated public services, achieving increased efficiency and effectiveness to meet the evolving expectations of the community through collaborationRed6
Cohen B., Almirall E., Chesbrough H.The city as a lab: Open innovation meets the collaborative economy2016ArticleCalifornia Management ReviewA3The article advances the role of cities as drivers and catalysts of OI, engaging companies and citizens in boosting local growth and improving the quality of lifePublic sector entities should arrange clear and compelling incentives to stimulate relevant stakeholders' participation in innovation ecosystems; a culture based on innovation and creativity should inspire public sector entities efforts to engage stakeholders in public value co-creationRed75
Conradie P., Mulder I., Choenni S.Rotterdam open data: Exploring the release of Public Sector Information through co-creation2012Conference Paper2012 18th International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation, ICE 2012 - Conference ProceedingsN/AN/AThe article examines how the co-creation paradigm can be applied to public sector information release, stimulating ideas' exchange among stakeholdersEmbracing a value co-creation perspective is understood as a precondition for implementing public information release on local level; clear identifiable incentives for participation should be set to encourage stakeholders' participation in value co-creationRed18
Davies G.H., Roderick S., Huxtable-Thomas L.Social commerce Open Innovation in healthcare management: an exploration from a novel technology transfer approach2019ArticleJournal of Strategic MarketingA2The article investigates the policy context within which an OI approach based on collaboration across public sector entities, higher education institutions, and privately-owned companies generates significant opportunities for innovation in health careEmbracing an OI strategy may enable public sector entities to overcome barriers and issues inherited by conventional bureaucratic approaches, such as fragmentation, limited absorptive capacity, and rigidityRed5
Fernández-Zubieta A., Andújar-Nagore I., Giachi S., Fernández-Esquinas M.New Organizational Arrangements for Public-Private Research Collaboration2019ArticleJournal of the Knowledge EconomyCN/AThe article investigates Cooperative Research Centres as a particular form of targeted OI, which is aimed at enacting an innovation ecosystemOI efforts led by public sector entities are generally characterized by a limited involvement of privately-owned companies in the definition of strategic plans, as well as in the control and supervision of the innovation ecosystemRed6
Fu X., Mu R.Enhancing China's innovation performance: The policy choices2014ArticleChina and World EconomyB1The study examines the policy choices implemented by the Chinese government in the extended national innovation performance framework to enact OIHorizontal OI-oriented policies focusing on broader fields (e.g. education, R&D, and infrastructures) are more effective than selective ones in fostering the establishment of a viable and vivid innovation ecosystem; multiple stakeholders should be involved in OI to develop the set of capabilities, incentives, and institutions required to boost innovation performanceRed10
Fuglsang L.Capturing the benefits of open innovation in public innovation: A case study2008ArticleInternational Journal of Services, Technology and ManagementN/AN/AThe paper investigates how the public sector benefits from OI, shedding light on service development and innovation in the public sectorPublic sector entities should take actions to get advantage of external ideas and OI, including strategic reflexivity, scaling up of innovative ideas, and encouraging continuous co-productionRed32
Guerrero M., Urbano D.The impact of Triple Helix agents on entrepreneurial innovations' performance: An inside look at enterprises located in an emerging economy2017ArticleTechnological Forecasting and Social ChangeA3The study analyses the implications of the connections across enterprises, universities, and government on innovation performanceLinkages across companies, universities, and public sector entities facilitate the access to knowledge and funding opportunities, promoting the establishment of a vivid OI-based ecosystemRed77
Heimstädt M., Reischauer G.Framing innovation practices in interstitial issue fields: open innovation in the NYC administration2019ArticleInnovation: Management, Policy and PracticeCN/AThe study adopts a field framing perspective to explain the use of OI strategies by public sector entities to advance innovationOI is a viable alternative to the established innovation practices in the public sector; cultural resonance is conducive to an enhanced public sector entities' ability to take advantage of OIRed6
Hennala L., Parjanen S., Uotila T.Challenges of multi-actor involvement in the public sector front-end innovation processes: Constructing an open innovation model for developing well-being services2011ArticleEuropean Journal of Innovation ManagementC1The article investigates how the involvement of stakeholder groups in advancing public service production increases innovativenessThe cognitive diversity of stakeholders involved in OI is argued to increase the likelihood of new knowledge generation; moreover, it stimulates the emergence of new ideasRed32
Katsonis M., Botros A.Digital Government: A Primer and Professional Perspectives2015ArticleAustralian Journal of Public AdministrationA2The article examines OI as an innovative approach intended to enable public administration reforms and advance the effectiveness and efficiency of public servicesOI is typically handled as a strategic management tool, which is intended to enable public sector entities to tap into resources that are not available in the public realmRed26
Lee J.-N., Ham J., Choi B.Effect of Government Data Openness on a Knowledge-based Economy2016Conference PaperProcedia Computer Science  The article illustrates the implications of government data openness on a knowledge-based economy at the national levelThe openness of government data has positive effects on the generation of a valuable knowledge bases, boosting firms' competitiveness at the individual and collective levels; alongside enabling the access to data, public sector entities should provide stakeholders with opportunities to create knowledge and generate new ideasRed15
Lee S.M., Hwang T., Choi D.Open innovation in the public sector of leading countries2012ArticleManagement DecisionB2The study investigates the state of the art of OI practices in the public sector of leading countriesOI enables public sector entities to exploit external ideas and resources to solve public management issues that fall outside their control; an integrative management approach is needed to engage public servants in interventions aimed at leveraging external resources and ideasRed181
Lee S.Y., Noh M., Seul J.Y.Government-led regional innovation: a case of ‘Pangyo’ IT cluster of South Korea2017ArticleEuropean Planning StudiesN/A2The paper investigates a regional innovation cluster, shedding light on the historical, institutional, and regional factors affecting the implementation of OIPublic sector entities should implement tailored strategic investment initiatives and should deliver continuous administrative support to relevant stakeholders, stimulating their participation to OI and advancing innovation performanceRed5
Mainka A., Castelnovo W., Miettinen V., Bech-Petersen S., Hartmann S., Stock W.G.Open innovation in smart cities: Civic participation and co-creation of public services2016Conference paperProceedings of the Association for Information Science and TechnologyN/AN/AThe article discusses development in the field of public services co-creation and investigates the role of information science to set the conditions for OIOI permits public sector entities to involve stakeholders in increasing the value of public open data, facilitating their use for the design of value-added servicesRed17
Martins T.C.M., de Souza Bermejo P.H., de Souza W.V.B.Open innovation for citizen coproduction2015Conference PaperLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)N/AN/AThe article reviews the interplay between ideas crowdsourcing and coproduction of innovations to enact OI in the public sectorIdeas' crowdsourcing is conducive to OI: it drives the re-emergence of service coproduction and solicits the transformation of people from passive consumers to active citizens who are engaged in solving social problemsRed6
Mergel I.Open innovation in the public sector: drivers and barriers for the adoption of Challenge.gov2018ArticlePublic Management ReviewA4The research intends to discover and examine the intra-, inter-, and extra-organizational factors driving or hindering OI in the public sectorOI is facilitated by the alignment between the mandate of the innovation policy and the mission of public sector entities; however, system-inherent barriers prevent OI from a procedural and technological perspectiveRed56
Mergel I.Opening Government: Designing Open Innovation Processes to Collaborate with External Problem Solvers2015ArticleSocial Science Computer ReviewN/AN/AThe article systematizes government crowdsourcing and peer-production initiatives, pointing out the phases of the OI processOI generally unfolds through 4 steps including: 1) idea generation, 2) idea incubation, 3) idea validation, and 4) idea implementation; stakeholders' participation in such process is stimulated through monetary and non-monetary rewardsRed59
Mergel I., Bretschneider S.I., Louis C., Smith J.The challenges of Challenge.gov: Adopting private sector business innovations in the federal government2014Conference PaperProceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System SciencesN/AN/AThe study defines the underlying concept of OI and applies it to the theory of publicness and public goods creationSince changes in the public sector are initiated by a political mandate, OI can be primarily used to realize incremental changes or tweaks, avoiding disruptions in the delivery of existing servicesRed20
Mergel I., Desouza K.C.Implementing open innovation in the public sector: The case of Challenge.gov2013ArticlePublic Administration ReviewB4*The article highlights the organizational barriers that public managers encounter during the implementation process of OIThe main challenges related to the implementation of OI for public value co-creation entail: 1) attracting attention and encouraging participation through incentives; 2) facilitating the establishment of communities of practice; and 3) retaining stakeholders in OI initiativesRed166
Molinari F.Living Labs as multi-stakeholder platforms for the eGovernance of innovation2011Conference PaperACM International Conference Proceeding SeriesN/AN/AThe article explores Living Labs as territorial policy instruments for stimulating OI in rural areasLiving labs can be conceived of as PPPPs and multi-stakeholder platforms, which enact an infrastructure for user-centric OI living a life of its ownRed8
Niehaves B.Open process innovation: The impact of personnel resource scarcity on the involvement of customers and consultants in public sector BPM2010ArticleBusiness Process Management JournalB2The study investigates the implications of OI on process innovation, examining how resource scarcity affect innovation performancePersonnel resource scarcity has been found to hinder the implementation of OI initiatives aimed at process innovationRed42
Scuotto V., Ferraris A., Bresciani S.Internet of Things: Applications and challenges in smart cities: a case study of IBM smart city projects2016ArticleBusiness Process Management JournalB2The article addresses the combination between Internet of Things (IoT) and OI, investigating how it affects the development of urban areas and firms' innovativenessOI is expected to bridge the gap between the IoT push and the urban policy pull in demand-driven cycles of experimentation, fostering innovation performance at the individual and collective levelsRed152
Seidel C.E., Thapa B.E.P., Plattfaut R., Niehaves B.Selective crowdsourcing for open process innovation in the public sector - Are expert citizens really willing to participate?2013Conference PaperACM International Conference Proceeding SeriesN/AN/AThe article analyses the willingness of citizens to participate in crowdsourcing for innovation to enrich theory and practice in the field of collaborative innovationExpert citizens are more willing to be involved in OI initiatives aimed at coping with public management challenges; tailored incentives should be crafted to motivate and engage non-expert citizensRed8
Van der Duin P., Heger T., Schlesinger M.D.Toward networked foresight? Exploring the use of futures research in innovation networks2014ArticleFuturesB2The article examines how innovation networks and foresight are associated, focusing on the latter type, scope, and roleOI enacts networked foresight, which expands the resource base available and engages a diversified pool of stakeholders in efforts aimed at public value generationRed33
Venturini K., Verbano C.Open innovation in the public sector: Resources and performance of research-based spin-offs2017ArticleBusiness Process Management JournalB2The study deals with the OI phenomenon, investigating how technological, human, social, and financial resources are systematized to accomplish boundaryless innovationMaking it possible to share the costs and risks of innovation with external partners, OI boosts the public sector entities' access to new ideas and knowledge, overcoming the constraints which affect the action of public sector organizationsRed9
Zheng C., Hu M.-C.An exploration of the application of universities as artificial institutional entrepreneurs: The case of China2018ArticleJournal of Public AffairsB1The article examines the nature of government–university–industry links and attempts to apply the concept of “institutional entrepreneurship” to universitiesRelying on universities, public sector entities are able to explore the frontier of knowledge development and exploitation, advancing technology transfer through an OI approachRed4
Zimmermann H.-D., Pucihar A.Open innovation, open data and new business models2015Conference PaperIDIMT 2015: Information Technology and Society - Interaction and Interdependence - 23rd Interdisciplinary Information Management TalksN/AN/AThe study investigates how data made publicly accessible represent a basis for the generation of public valuePrivately-owned companies and entrepreneurs are expected to benefit from public open data, collecting insights on innovative services and products which meet with the evolving expectations of customers and generate increased value for the communityRed12
Ahn J.M., Lee W., Mortara L.Do government R&D subsidies stimulate collaboration initiatives in private firms?2020ArticleTechnological Forecasting and Social ChangeA3The study examines if and how government Research and Development subsidy play a vital role in forming a desirable technological progress, with a specific focus on OIThe study findings cast a shade on the implications of state subsidies for innovation collaboration. The effects of state subsidy on the effectiveness of OI follow non-linear, inverted U-shaped path: hence, policy makers should arrange sophisticated strategies and tools to promote OIYellow15
Cano-Kollmann M., Hamilton R.D., Mudambi R.Public support for innovation and the openness of firms' innovation activities2017ArticleIndustrial and Corporate ChangeA3The study empirically investigates the relationship between publicly funded schemes to support innovation and the degree of openness of privately-owned companies' innovation practicesInstitutions and government policies have been argued to play a more important role than money in fostering OI when policy makers face budgetary constraintsYellow37
Cheah S.L.-Y., Ho Y.-P.Effective industrial policy implementation for open innovation: The role of government resources and capabilities2020ArticleTechnological Forecasting and Social ChangeA3The study investigates the characteristics and implications of government support in the form of technology transfer project funding that aims to encourage firms to participate in OIAlongside providing technology and funds to relevant stakeholders, public sector entities should develop adequate capabilities to effectively deploy Industrial Policy programmes and fully exploit OIYellow12
Gershman M., Roud V., Thurner T.W.Open innovation in Russian state-owned enterprises2019ArticleIndustry and InnovationB3The study investigates the role of Russian State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) in promoting open innovationIn spite of the SOEs' tendency to become more deeply involved in OI, it is still handled as a complementary innovation activityYellow6
Jugend D., Fiorini P.D.C., Armellini F., Ferrari A.G.Public support for innovation: A systematic review of the literature and implications for open innovation2020ArticleTechnological Forecasting and Social ChangeA3The article assesses what types of public practices for innovation comprise the terms “public support for innovation” and “government support for innovation” and their relationship with OIFour dimensions have been developed to describe the public support for OI, namely: (i) financial support for R&D activities; (ii) development through innovation; (iii) support for sectorial programs; and (iv) university–industry–government collaboration (triple helix)Yellow14
Jugend D., Jabbour C.J.C., Alves Scaliza J.A., Rocha R.S., Junior J.A.G., Latan H., Salgado M.H.Relationships among open innovation, innovative performance, government support and firm size: Comparing Brazilian firms embracing different levels of radicalism in innovation2018ArticleTechnovationA3The article investigates the relationship among OI, innovative performance, and government support for innovation in two different samples, which relate to incremental innovation and radical innovationState support has been found to play a clear effect on innovation. Non-monetary support (e.g. facilitating networking and coordinating collaboration) may be more effective in enabling OI and improving industrial competitivenessYellow46
Leckel A., Veilleux S., Dana L.P.Local Open Innovation: A means for public policy to increase collaboration for innovation in SMEs2020ArticleTechnological Forecasting and Social ChangeA3The study calls for the arrangement of practical policy instruments intended to establish local OI ecosystemsPublic sector entities should promote localized trust, which pinpoints the networking of industry-, research- and public-sector organizations; it facilitates the access to external knowledge, while at the same time establishing a diverse regional innovation ecosystemYellow31
Orlando B., Ballestra L.V., Magni D., Ciampi F.Open innovation and patenting activity in health care2021ArticleJournal of Intellectual CapitalB2The study investigates the relationship between OI and intellectual property in the field of health careEffective OI relies on high public expenditures. OI is the most suitable model for the health industry, improving innovation performance and intellectual capitalYellow9
Zhang D., Li S., Zheng D.Knowledge search and open innovation performance in an emerging market: Moderating effects of government-enterprise relationship and market focus2017ArticleManagement DecisionB2The article investigates the interplay between knowledge search and OI performance in light of appropriability hazards in emerging marketsOI is boosted by positive relationships between privately-owned companies and public sector entities, which can unleash innovation efforts by protecting the results achieved through OIYellow11
Zheng F., Jiao H., Cai H.Reappraisal of outbound open innovation under the policy of China's ‘Market for Technology’2018ArticleTechnology Analysis and Strategic ManagementB2The study investigates China's ‘Market for Technology’ policy, examining the transferring effects of Multinationals' outbound OI in this specific contextThe combination of the government's trend to improve institutional arrangement and the privately-owned companies' trend to outbound OI paves the way for increased opportunities for boundaryless collaborationYellow6

Note(s): N = 94

Source(s): Authors' own creation

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